Coherence and Quantum Optics IV: Proceedings of the Fourth Rochester Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics held at the University of Rochester, June 8–10, 1977

972 Pages·1978·67.198 MB·English

by  L. Mandel

Leonard Mandel
Emil Wolf Editors
Coherence and Quantum
Optics IV
COHERENCE AND
QUANTUM OPTICS IV
A Continuation Order Plan is available for this serics. A continuation order will bring
delivery of each new vnlume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon
actual shipment. For further information pleJ..":.e contact the publisher.
COHERENCE AND
QUANTUM OPTICS IV
Proceedings of the Fourth Rochester Conference on
Cgherence and Quantum Optics he1d at the
University of Rochester! June 8-10, 1977
Edited by
Leonard Mandel and Emil Wolf
Department of Physics and Astronomy
The University of Rochester
Rochester, New York
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Rochester Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics, 4th, 1977.
Coherence and quantum optics IV.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Coherence (Optics) - Congresses. 2. Quantum optics - Congresses. I. Mandel,
Leonard. Il. Wolf, Emil. Ill. Title.
QC476.C6R63 1977 535'.2 78-15470
ISBN 0-306-40038-3
ISBN 978-1-4757-0667-3 ISBN 978-1-4757-0665-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-0665-9
©1978 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1978
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Pubfisher
PREFACE
This volume contains most of the papers that were presented at
the Fourth Rochester Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics,
held at the University of Rochester during June 8-10, 1977. The Con
ference was attended by about 300 registrants, plus a substantial
number of other physicists who participated in some sessions on an
informal basis. Altogether 98 papers were presented in 20 sessions.
One session, on resonance fluorescence, was held jointly with the
International Conference on Multiphoton Processes, that took place
on the Campus during part of the same period.
The Conference was organized by a committee consisting of
N. Bioernbergen (Harvard University)
J.H. Eberly (University of Rochester)
P. Franken (University of Arizona)
E.L. Hahn (University of California-Berkeley)
H. Haken (University of Stuttgart, Germany)
M. Lax (City College of CUNY)
A.L. Schawlow (Stanford University)
C.R. Stroud, Jr. (University of Rochester)
L. Mandel (University of Rochester)}J"oint secretaries
E. Wolf (University of Rochester)
It was sponsored in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Re
search, and we are grateful to them for their support. The Office
of Special Events of the University of Rochester provided valuable
assistance with the organization, as in previous years.
As a glance at the contents of the book will show, the field of
quantum optics is not only alive and well, but it is capable of
spawning new topics from time to time. As new experimental and theo
retical techniques are developed, new subjects move to the center of
the stage. For example, the development of the tunable dye laser is
undoubtedly responsible for the renewed interest in resonance fluor
escence to which two sessions were devoted, whereas this subject
heading did not appear at all in previous conferences of the series.
New work on superradiance within the last year or two enlivened this
topic and resulted in some spirited controversies. In addition, the
new and potentially important subject of optical bistability grew out
of the fusion of resonance fluorescence with superradiance. Similarly,
V
vi PREFACE
the well established field of radiative energy transfer received new
interest and emphasis as a result of recent developments in optical
coherence theory. One of the highlights of the Conference occurred
during the June 9 session on quantum electrodynamics and alternatives,
when W.E. Lamb, Jr. declared the winner of the celebrated bet between
P. Franken and E.T. Jaynes made on the occasion of the Second Roches
ter Conference in the series.
Several secretaries in our Department helped with the typing
of the manuscripts for publication, and we appreciate their assist
ance. The formidable task of organizing all the editorial and typ
ing work and of keeping track of all the authors' corrections and
the corresDondence with them was handled by Mrs. Ruth Andrus, who
also typed• a large proportion of the manuscript herself. The suc
cess of the project is largely due to her; any shortcomings are ours.
L. Mandel, E. Wolf
Department of Physics and Astronomy
University of Rochester
Rochester, New York 14627
May 1978
CONTENTS
Coherent Interactions I
N. BLOEMBERGEN - Recent Developments in Four-Wave Mixing
and Two-Photon Absorption Spectroscopy . . . . 1
D. BETHUNE, R.W. StvliTH and Y.R. SHEN - Second-Order Sum
and Difference-Frequency Generation via
Quadrupole Transitions in Atomic Vapors 3
M.L. TER-MIKAELIAN- Fine Structure of Third Harmonie
Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A. DiRIENZO, D. ROGOVIN and M. SCULLY - Rabi Flopping and
Coherent Transients in a Josephson Junction 15
S. CHANDRA, A COl\lPAAN and E. WIENER-AVNEAR - Higher Order
Coherent Raman Scattering 27
A. ZARDECKI - Memory Function Methods for Quantum Systems
in Contact with Reservoirs ................ 39
Lasers I
H. HAKEN- The Laser- Trailblazer of Synergeties .......... 49
C.R. WILLIS- Photon Statistics~ Instabilities and Phase
Transitions in Dye Lasers ................. 63
R. GIL:VlORE and L.M. NARDUCCI - Laser as Catastrophe . . . . . . . . 81
Resonance Fluorescence I
C. COHEN-TANNOUDJI and S. REYNAUD - Dressed-Atom Approach
to Resonance Fluorescence ................. 93
L. MANDEL and H.J. KitvlßLE - Resonance Fluorescence under>
Finite Bandwidth Excitation ............... 95
viii CONTENTS
H. WALTHER - Atomic Fluorescence with Monochromatic
Exci tation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
S. EZEKIEL - Two-Level Atoms in an Intense Monochromatic
Field: A Review of Recent Experimental
Investigations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Resonance Fluorescence II
B.R. MOLLOW - Quantum Mechanical Resonant Light Scattering 103
C.R. STROUD, Jr. and H.R. GRAY - Resonance Fluorescence in
3-Level Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
D.F. WALLS - Thermodynamics of a Non-Equilibrium Quantum
System- Resonance Fluorescence ........... 117
S. SWAIN and W.A. McCLEAN - The Theory of the Optical Autler
Townes Effect in Sodium Including Degen-
eracy and Detuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Photon Echo~ Free Induction and Propagation
R.G. BREWER - Transient Quantum Phenomena in
the Optical Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
J.D.W. vanVOORST, H.M.M. HESP, J. LANGELAAR and D. BEBELAAR
Picosecond Dephasing of Coherently Excited
Vibrational Levels in Liquid N2/AR Mixtures 141
F.P ...M ATTAR, M.C. NEWSTEIN, P.E. SERAFIM, H.M. GIBBS,
B. BOLGER, G. FüRSTER and P.E. TOSCHEK - Strang Departures
from Uniform Plane Wave Pulse Propagation
as a ResuZt of Coherent Transverse Effects 143
T. BAER and I.D. ABELLA - Photon-Echo Zeeman Quantum Beats
~n Cesium Hyperfine Levels ................ 165
P. HU, S. GESCHWIND and T.t--1. JEDJU - Observation of a
Raman Echo 175
W.M. GUTMAN and C.V. HEER -Photon Echo Polarization Measure-
ments in SF6 and SiF4 ..................... 187
CONTENTS ix
Electromagnetic Theory and OpticaZ Coherence
J.L. BIRMAN, M.J. FRANKELand D.N. PATTANAYAK- Theory of
EZectromagnetic Transients in SpatiaZZy
Dispersive Media and a New Approach to
Precursor Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
D.N. PATTANAYAK - An Integral Equation Approach to the
Theory of Optical Resonance ............... 209
B.J. HOENDERS - On the Decomposition of the EZectro-
magnetic Field into its Natural Modes 221
G. ROSS and M.A. FIDDY - The Analytic Nature of Scattering
EZectromagnetic Fields and the Effect of
Coherence on Phase RetrievaZ .............. 233
C. SENDJAßALLAH - Information Rate for a Source Relative to
an Absolute-Magnitude Criterion ........... 241
Superradiance I
R. BONIFACIO and L.A. LUGIATO - Cooperativ~.Effects in Optical
Bistability and Resonance Fluorescence 249
R.K. BULLOUGH, R. SAUNDERS and C. FEUILLADE - Theory of
Par Infrared Superfluorescence ............ 263
G.S. AGARWAL, L.M. NARDUCCI, D.H. FENG and R. GILMORE
Dynamical Approach to Steady State and Fluc-
tuations in OpticaZZy Bistabte Systems 281
C.T. LEE - Analytic Salutions of Non-Markovian Equations
for Superfluorescence ..................... 293
M.E. SMITHERS - Superradiance and Superfluorescence of a
Dicke Point Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Light Scattering
H.L. SWINNEY, P.R. FENSTERMACHERand J.P. GOLLUB- Light Beat-
ing Study of the Transition to Turbulence 317
M. BERTOLOTTI and F. SCUDIERI - Spatial Coherence of Light
Scattered by Liquid Crystals .............. 319
R.W. BOYD and C.H. TOWNES - A Sensitive Infrared Imaging Up
Converter and SpatiaZ Coherence of Atmos-
pheric Propagation ........................ 333