China's Cosmopolitan Empire: The Tang Dynasty (History of Imperial China)

367 Pages·2009·2.11 MB·English

by  Mark Edward Lewis

history of imperial china
TimothyBrook,GeneralEditor

CHINA’S
COSMOPOLITAN
EMPIRE
the tang dynasty
Mark Edward Lewis
the belknap press of
harvard university press
Cambridge,Massachusetts
London,England
2009
Copyright©2009bythePresidentandFellowsofHarvardCollege
Allrightsreserved
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Lewis,MarkEdward,1954–
China’scosmopolitanempire:theTangdynasty / MarkEdwardLewis.
p. cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-0-674-03306-1(alk.paper)
1. China—History—Tangdynasty,618-907. I.Title. II.Title:Tangdynasty.
S749.3.L472009
951′.017—dc22 2008041337
contents
Introduction 1
1 TheGeographyofEmpire 5
2 FromFoundationtoRebellion 30
3 WarlordsandMonopolists 58
4 UrbanLife 85
5 RuralSociety 121
6 TheOuterWorld 145
7 Kinship 179
8 Religion 207
9 Writing 241
Conclusion 272
DatesandDynasties 281
PronunciationGuide 284
Notes 285
Bibliography 317
Acknowledgments 341
Index 343

maps
1.LandscapeofContemporaryChina 6
2.ProvincesofContemporaryChina 7
3.GrandCanalundertheSuiDynasty 23
4.ContendersforPower 32
5.KoreanPeninsula 35
6.TarimBasinundertheTang 39
7.TangFrontierCommands 47
8.RegionsoftheTangEmpire 74
9.ProvincesoftheTangEmpire 75
10.Chang’anintheTangDynasty 87
11.MajorReligiousEstablishmentsofChang’an 93
12.RitualCentersofChang’an 96
13.BusinessesoutsideMarketAreasbeforetheAnLushanRebellion 98
14.BusinessesoutsideMarketAreasaftertheAnLushanRebellion 99
15.LuoyangundertheTang 100
16.InternationalTradeRoutesundertheTang 160
17.China,a.d.930 274
figures
1.FlightofEmperorXuanzongtoSichuan 16
2.CityGatewithTowerandRoofCoveringtheEntrance 88
3.BuddhistParadiseLaidOutinaGridofWards 89
4.GardenLandscape 91
5.TheBigGoosePagodainChang’an 94
6.TheSmallGoosePagodainChang’an 95
7.WomanPipa(Lute)Player 108
8.FemaleMusiciansandDancers 110
9.FemaleMusicianPlayingthePanpipes 111
10.CarriageCrossingaBridge,withBoat 115
11.BattleSceneShowingTangArmorandWeapons 151
12.ForeignTributeBearers 165
13.ClothingandPhysicalFeaturesofForeignTributeBearers 165
14.ForeignerRidingaCamel 166
15.ForeignerMountedonaHorse 167
16.ForeignGroom 168
17.ForeignWineMerchantwithaWineBag 171
18.ForeignDisciplesoftheDyingBuddha 174
19.PilgrimCarryingScrollsofScripturesfromIndia 177
20.WomanShootingaBow 184
21.FemaleDancer 185
22.AKingofHellJudgingtheDead 192
23.TheDeadBeingAssignedtoTheirAppropriateRebirth 193
24.SurvivingTemplesatMountWutai 216
china’s cosmopolitan empire
TheTangDynasty