CATALOGUING AND MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR DISEASES OF MONOPODIAL ORCHIDS By ...

149 Pages·2017·4.38 MB·English

CATALOGUING AND MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR
DISEASES OF MONOPODIAL ORCHIDS

By
MEERA T.M.
(2010-11-122)

Department of Plant Pathology
COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE
VELLANIKKARA, THRISSUR - 680 656
KERALA, INDIA
2012
CATALOGUING AND MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR
DISEASES OF MONOPODIAL ORCHIDS

By
MEERA T.M.
(2010-11-122)

THESIS
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the degree of

Master of Science in Agriculture
Faculty of Agriculture
Kerala Agricultural University

Department of Plant Pathology
COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE
VELLANIKKARA, THRISSUR - 680656
KERALA, INDIA
2012
DECLARATION

I, hereby declare that the thesis entitled “Cataloguing and management of major
diseases of monopodial orchids.” is a bonafide record of research work done by me during the
course of research and that it has not been previously formed the basis for the award to me of any
degree, diploma, fellowship or other similar title, of any other University or Society.

Vellanikkara
17-08-12 Meera T.M.
Dr.Vimi Louis Date: 17-08-12
Associate Professor
Department of Plant Pathology
College of Horticulture

CERTIFICATE

Certified that this thesis entitled “Cataloguing and management of major diseases of
monopodial orchids.” is a bonafide record of research work done independently by Ms. Meera
T.M. (2010-11-122) under my guidance and supervision and that it has not formed the basis for
the award of any degree, diploma, fellowship or associateship to her.

Vellanikkara Dr. Vimi Louis
Chairperson
Advisory Committee
CERTIFICATE

We, the undersigned members of the advisory committee of Ms.Meera T.M. (2010-11-
122) a candidate for the degree of Master of Science in Agriculture with major field in Plant
Pathology agree that this thesis entitled “Cataloguing and management of major diseases of
monopodial orchids” may be submitted by Ms. Meera T.M., in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the degree.

Dr.Vimi Louis
Associate Professor
Dept. of Plant Pathology
College of Horticulture
Vellanikkara
(Chairperson)

Dr. T.J. Rehumath Niza Dr. S. Beena
Professor & Head Professor
Dept. of Plant Pathology Dept. of Plant Pathology
College of Horticulture College of Horticulture
Vellanikkara, Thrissur Vellanikkara, Thrissur
(Member) (Member)

Dr. C.K. Geetha
Professor
Dept. of Pomology & Floriculture

College of Horticulture

Vellanikkara, Thrissur

(Member)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost I bow my head before the Almighty God who enabled me to
successfully complete the thesis work in time.
With immense pleasure I avail this opportunity to express my deep sense of reverence,
gratitude and indebtedness to my major advisor Dr.Vimi Louis, Associate Professor,
Department Plant Pathology and Chairperson of my Advisory Committee for her valuable
guidance, constant support, unfailing patience, friendly approach and timely help at various
stages of my work and thesis preparation.
I deeply express my whole hearted thanks to Dr. T.J. Rehumath Niza, Professor and
Head, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara and member of
my advisory committee for her wholehearted cooperation, valuable suggestions during various
stages of the study and critical scrutiny of the manuscript.
I would like to express my extreme indebtedness and obligation to Dr. S. Beena,
Professor, Department of Plant Pathology and member of my advisory committee for her
meticulous help, unwavering encouragement, forbearance, well timed support and critical
scrutiny of the manuscript which has helped a lot for the improvement and preparation of the
thesis.
I sincerely thank Dr. C.K. Geetha, Professor, Department of Pomology and
Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara and member of my Advisory Committee for
valuable suggestions, well timed mental support and help rendered.
I am deeply obliged to Dr. Sally K. Mathew, Dr. T. Sheela Paul and Dr.Sainamol
Kurien whose constant help, love and support have helped me a lot to complete this venture
successfully.
I wish to express my gratitude to Sri. S. Krishnan, Assistant Professor, Department of
Agricultural Statistics for his guidance throughout the statistical analysis of data.
I truthfully thank Dr. P.K. Rajeevan, Professor and Head, Department of Pomology
and Floriculture for his support during the research work.
I am deeply obliged to Dr. Haseena Bhaskar, Associate Professor, Department Of
Agricultural Entomology for her help in the preparation of photographs.
I thank my dear friends Remya and Yunus and juniors Roshna and Priyadarshini and all
my M.Sc. Classmates Binisha, Chandu, Jimcy, Fahi, Priya, Roshin, Smitha, Adheena, Athul,
Najeeb, Sayooj, Varun and Negi for their moral support and encouragement.
I take this opportunity to thank my seniors Mrs.Hajara, Ms.Sreeja, Ms.Divya, Mrs.
Jyothi, Mrs.Kaveramma, Mrs.Deepa and Mrs. Gleena for their support and encouragement.
I extend my loving gratitude to Ms.Jisha, Ms.Sindu, Mrs.Jisha, Mrs.Mini, Mrs.Shanta,
Mrs.Shobha , Ms.Glindhya and Ms.Aparna for their timely help whenever I was in need of
their moral support and encouragement.
I thank Mr. Aravind, Computer Club, College of Horticulture, for his valuable help in
computer work.
I am deeply indebted to my Parents and brother without whose moral support, blessings
and affection this would not have been a success. It would be impossible to list out all those
who have helped me in one way or another in the successful completion of this work. I once
again express my heartful thanks to all those who helped me in completing this venture in time.

Meera T.M
CONTENTS

Chapter Title Page No.
1 INTRODUCTION 1-2
2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 3-19
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS 20-28
4 RESULTS 29-70
5 DISCUSSION 71-86
6 SUMMARY 87-90
REFERENCES i-ix
APPENDIX
ABSTRACT
LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page
No. No.
1 Score chart for disease severity 25
2 Treatments used for in vitro evaluation against fungal pathogens 27
3 Treatments used for in vitro evaluation against bacterial pathogens 28
4 Diseases of monopodial orchids observed during survey 29
5 Fungal and bacterial pathogens isolated from diseased specimens 31
6 Identification of fungal pathogens 44
7 Per cent incidence of diseases of Phalaenopsis 47
8 Per cent incidence and severity of leaf spot diseases of Basket Vanda, 50
Mokara and Arachnis
9 Temperature and relative humidity in rain shelter from May’11 to April’12 51
10 Temperature and relative humidity in poly house from July’11 to June’12 51
11 Weather data at monthly intervals from July 2011 to June 2012 52
12 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against Fusarium 55
oxysporum from Phalaenopsis
13 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against Sclerotium 56
rolfsii from Phalaenopsis
14 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against Phoma exigua 57
from Phalaenopsis
15 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against Colletotrichum 59
gloeosporioides from Phalaenopsis
16 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against Phytophthora 60
cactorum from Basket Vanda
17 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against Sclerotium 61
rolfsii from Basbket Vanda
LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page
No. No.
18 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against 63
Botryodiplodia theobromae from Basket Vanda
19 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against 64
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from Mokara
20 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against Alternaria 65
alternata from Mokara
21 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against 67
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from Arachnis
22 In vitro evaluation of fungicides and P. flourescens against Fusarium 68
oxysporum from Arachnis
23 In vitro evaluation of antibiotic, cowdung and P. flourescens against 69
Erwinia chrysanthemi from Phalaenopsis
24 In vitro evaluation of antibiotic, cowdung and P.flourescens against 69
Burkholderia gladioli from Basket Vanda