Cardiac Arrhythmias, Pacing & Electrophysiology: The Expert View

460 Pages·1998·16.152 MB·English

by  Hein Heidbüchel (auth.), Panos E. Vardas (eds.)

CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, PACING & ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
Developments in
Cardiovascular Medicine
VOLUME 201
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS,
PACING
&
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
EDITED BY
PANOS E. VARDAS
Professor of Cardiology, University of Crete, Medical School,
Heraklion, Crete, Greece
.
~
• , SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.
ISBN 978-94-010-6210-7 ISBN 978-94-011-5254-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-5254-9
Printed on acidjree paper
All Rights Reserved
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1998
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 18t edition 1998
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, inc1uding photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system,
without written permission from the copyright owner.
Dedicated
to those who inspired me and encouraged me in this endeavour
and especially to my beloved Anastasia, Katerina and Emmanuel.
CONTENTS
Foreword by S. Furman xiii
Preface xv
List of contributors xvii
PART ONE: CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS AND CLINICAL
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
1. Sinus node reentrant tachycardia versus ectopic atrial tachycardia: where lies the difference? 3
Rein Reidbtichel
2. AV nodal reentry: what have we learned from ablation techniques? 11
Mark E. Josephson
3. Severe paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: atrioventricular junction ablation and DDDR mode-switching
pacemaker versus pharmacological treatment 29
Michele Brignole, Lorella Gianfranchi, Carlo Menozzi, Paolo Alboni, Giacomo Musso,
Maria Grazia Bongiorni, Maurizio Gasparini, Antonio Raviele, Gino Lolli, Nelly Paparella and
Simonetta Acquarone
4. Mechanisms of drug action in atrial fibrillation 35
Maria I. Anastasiou-Nana
5. Conclusions and questions from large trials of anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation 43
Peter J. Koudstaal and Adriana Koudstaal
6. Role of the autonomic nervous system in sustained ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction 49
Maurizio Landolina, Ruggero Manfredini, Massimo Mantica and Gaetano M. de Ferrari
7. Does assessment of autonomic tone translate into new therapeutic approaches in survivors of
myocardial infarction? 57
Federico Lombardi
8. Mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmias in ischaemic heart disease 61
Nabil El-Sherif
9. Basic mechanisms of vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation 71
Michiel1. Janse
10. Molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms of arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 77
DanM. Roden
11. Risk stratification in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 83
Perry M. Elliott and William J. McKenna
viii • CONTENTS
12. Floppy mitral valve/mitral valve prolapse: cardiac arrhythmias 89
Harisios Boudoulas, Stephen F. Schaal and Charles F. Wooley
13. Pathology of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathies, dysplasia and Naxos disease:
clinical, pathological and nosological classification 97
G. Fontaine, N. Protonotarios, F. Fontaliran, A. Tsatsopoulou and R. Frank
14. Ventricular arrhythmias in hypertensives 105
Dimitris A. Sideris
15. The value of electrophysiological testing in diagnosis of syncope in post-infarction patients, without
complex ventricular arrhythmias detected in 24-hour ECG 109
Wieslawa Piwowarska, Danuta Mroczek-Czernecka, Artur Pietrucha, Marta W~grzynowska and
Bozena Stobierska-Dzierzek
16. Value of different mapping strategies for ventricular tachycardia: sinus rhythm and pace mapping,
activation and entrainment mapping 113
Jesus Almendral, Julhln P. Villacast:(n, Angel Arenal, Mercedes Ortiz, Julio Osende,
Jose L. Martinez-Sande and Juan L. Delean
17. The Madit trial? What was wrong? 121
Philippe Coumel
18. Survival analysis and classification of death in patients under antiarrhythmic treatment 125
Hugo Ector, Hein Heidbtichel and Frans Van de Werf
19. Quality of life in clinical trials and practice 131
Werner Jung, Susanne Herwig, Susanne Spehl, Christian Wolpert and Berndt Ltideritz
PART TWO: NON-INVASIVE ELECTROCARDIOLOGY 141
20. Heart rate variability in vasovagal syncope 143
George Kochiadakis and Panos Vardas
21. The role of non-invasive diagnostic techniques in reducing mortality in postmyocardial infarction
survivors 151
Ronald W.F. Campbell
22. QT prolongation and proarrhythmia 153
Ronald W.F. Campbell
23. QT dispersion: its clinical value 155
A. Bayes de Luna, M. Fiol, A. Bayes-Genis, X. Viiiolas, A. Cabrera and A. Martinez-Rubio
24. New perspective in non-invasive risk factors 159
Yee Guan Yap and Marek Malik
25. Spectral analysis of cardiovascular variability signals 171
Sergio Cerutti, Anna M. Bianchi, Luca T. Mainardi and Maria G. Signorini
CONTENTS • ix
26. Physiological background of the heart rate variability spectral components 185
Alberto Malliani, Nicola Montano and Massimo Pagani
27. Heart rate variability after myocardial infarction 193
Yee Guan Yap and Marek Malik
28. Signal averaging for risk stratification after myocardial infarction: do new technologies improve its
predictive value? 199
Gioia Turitto
29. Artificial neural networks in cardiology: a review 205
Willem RM. Dassen, Michael Egmont-Petersen and Rob G.A. Mulleneers
PART THREE: RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION IN ARRHYTHMIAS 213
30. Radiofrequency catheter modification of sinus node activity in patients with inappropriate sinus
tachycardia 215
Melvin M. Scheinman, Jerold S. Shinbane, Michael D. Lesh and Randall J. Lee
31. Catheter ablation techniques for elimination of atrial fibrillation 223
Demosthenes G. Katritsis
32. Atrioventricular nodal ablation and VVIR pacing for rate control and regularisation of the ventricular
rhythm in patients with established atrial fibrillation 229
Panos E. Vardas, E.N. Simantirakis and E.G. Manios
33. Ablation for ventricular tachycardia related to coronary artery disease 235
John D. Fisher
PART FOUR: ATRIAL AND VENTRICULAR DEFIBRILLATION 243
34. Historical perspectives on cardioversion and defibrillation 245
Berndt Liideritz
35. New concepts in electrical defibrillation 257
Werner Irnich
36. Role of implantable atrial defibrillators in the treatment of atrial fibrillation 265
Luc J. Jordaens
37. Management of atrial fibrillation by implantable devices: from electrophysiological studies to
clinical application 271
Sanjeev Saksena and Philippe Delfaut
38. Design concepts for implantable atrial defibrillators 277
Gregory M. Ayers and Carolyn K. Wiemers
39. Criteria for selection of patients for lAD implantations 287
Alessandro Capucci, Daniela Aschieri, Giovanni Quinto Villani and Alessandro Rosi
X· CONTENTS
40. Survival benefits of implantable cardioverter/defibrillators in different groups of patients 29
Konrad Steinbach, Christine Hief and Andrea Podczeck
41. Continuing evolution of implantable cardioverter/defibrillators: smaller size, longer life, improved
cost-effectiveness 29
Seab Nisam
42. Prophylactic implantation of the implantable defibrillator in asymptomatic patients 30
Poul Erik Bloch Thomsen
43. Prophylactic implantation of implantable cardioverter/defibrillators in postmyocardial infarction patients 30
Antonio Raviele, Aldo Bonso, Gianni Gasparini and Sakis Themistoclakis
44. Muscle-sparing subpectoral defibrillator implantation 31
Gijs Geskes
45. Follow-up techniques in patients with implantable cardioverters/defibrillators 31
Michael Block, Barbara Lamp, Max Weber and Gunther Breithardt
PART FIVE: CARDIAC PACING 329
46. The features of a paced heart beat 331
Lukas Kappenberger, Michel Grobety and Xavier Jeanrenaud
47. Clinical evaluation of chronotropic incompetence: implications for rate-adaptive pacing 337
Demosthenes Iskos, Marcus 1. Mianulli and David G. Benditt
48. Indications for permanent antibradycardia pacemakers. The official guidelines should be revised 343
S. Serge Barold
49. Regional electromechanical coupling during ventricular pacing 353
Frits W. Prinzen, Tarnmo Delhaas, Theo Arts and Robert S. Reneman
50. What kind of programming gives the optimal performance in rate-response ventricular pacing 361
Modesto Guerola
51. Atrial septal pacing: synchronising the atria 367
William H. Spencer III
52. Automatic mode switching in DDD(R) pacemakers: to make life easier or more complicated? 375
Ali Oto
53. Neurohumoral control of the pacemaker and heart system 379
Max Schaldach
54. Single-lead VDDIDDD pacing 389
I. Eli Ovsyshcher and Alan B. Wagshal
55. Clinical trials in cardiac pacing: justification, design and preliminary results of the United States trials 399
Gervasio A. Lamas
CONTENTS • xi
56. Can pacing be more physiological? 407
Massimo Santini, Antonio Auriti and Gerardo Ansalone
57. Improved follow-up procedure 411
Ole-J~rgen Ohm, Dejan Danilovic and Svein Faerestrand
58. Development of a true pacemaker Holter 421
S. Serge Barold, Gene Bornzin and Paul Levine
59. Electromagnetic interference in current implantable devices 427
Werner Imich
60. Potential impact of pacing in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy 437
Richard Sutton
61. Can reliable pacing be achieved in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with normal conduction? 441
Daniel Gras, Dominique Pavin, Philippe Mabo and Claude Daubert
62. AV node ablation and DDD pacing in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy 451
Nicolas Sadoul, Bernard Dodinot, Daniel Beurrier, Christian de Chillou and Etienne Aliot
Index 459