'^^ .Canada lifear ^ Book Speaal Edition ^ T Statistics Statistique Canada Canadfl ?fi Year Book 1976-77 Special Edition • explains why Canada is converting to the metric system and gives the metric equivalent for every measurement • provides facts and statistics, the latest available, against a mirror of recent history The Canada Year Book describes the land and—probes into the lives of the people population charac- teristics, government organizations, economic and social conditions. It —is used for reference by many people students, educators, librarians, researchers, parliamentarians, public sen/ants and businessmen. Everything in the Canada Year Book is from an authoritative source. Almost everything has a statistical base. Getouvrage estegalementpublie en francais. \QUEBEC Digitized by the Internet Archive 2010 in http://www.archive.org/details/canadayearbook1900otta \um MCINTOSH ' BOX 2518 L.DIBY, ALBERTA i TOA 2MO Canada \fear Book Special Edition An annual review of economic, social and political developments in Canada Published by authority of the Minister of Industry, Trade and Commerce ^ MinisterofSupply and ServicesCanada 1977 Available by mail from Publications Distribution StatisticsCanada Ottawa, Canada KIA 0T6 Printingand Publishing Supply and ServicesCanada Ottawa. Canada KIA 0S9 or through your bookseller Catalogue No. CSll-202/1977 ISBN 0-660-00761-4 Price, Canada: S12.50 Othercountries: $15.00 Price subject tochange without notice Typesetting: Southam Business Publications Limited, Contract OKP6-1910 Printing: Librairie Beauchemin Limiiee, Contract02KT 6-8176A Preface Thisspecialeditionofthe Canada YearBookshouldstandasalandmarkinstatistical recordsforit isa bridge between the oldand new systems ofmeasurement. All data in imperial units are repeated in metric and all imperial tables are followed by equivalent metric tables in colour for immediate identification. It is planned that future editions willcarry metric measurements only for many sectors ofthe economy. In other areas, both imperial and metric will be continued until conversion is complete. The Canada Year Book 1976-77 covers as much information as is usually contained in two separate editions. Since the series began in 1905, such double-year volumes have been produced periodically to provide continuity of reporting. An earlierserieswaspublishedbetween 1885and 1904,basedonthefirst Year-Bookand Almanac ofBritish North Americafor 1867. The latest information available at time ofpreparation is given. More than 600 tables, meticulously compiled from hundreds of official sources, provide details along with data from recent years. In every chapter, sources are listed. The appendices, going beyond statistics, give useful information about federal government departments and agencies, a summary of legislation of a two-year period, a chronology ofsignificant events, Canadian honours, Canada's diplomatic andconsularservice, and booksabout Canada. The introductoryarticle onCanada's conversion to the metric system was authorized by Metric Commission Canada. This bookcould not have been compiled without the assistance and specialized knowledge ofhundreds ofexperts outside ofas well as within StatisticsCanada. We gratefully acknowledge their contribution. Peter Kirkham ChiefStatistician ofCanada Ottawa, December 1977 ProducedbytheCanadaYearBookSection InformationServices,StatisticsCanada AssistantDirector-Pubiisining:Tom Mitchell Editor:BorgnyEileraasPearson Frencheditorandtechnicaladviser: FrancesL.O'Malley Productionsupervisorandeditoroftables:EllaBlair Editorialassistants:J.H.Johnstone, DianeBasso, DenisSchuthe,Susan Aldridge Production liaison:AliceGuay Productionassistants: PatriciaHarris, Audrey Miles, LouiseCojbasic, HelenWieland Bookdesign:SarahGould Coverandjacketdesign:JohnMacCraken Chartpreparation:CharlesGravel,GerardMontplaisir, DanielleBaum Endleafmaps:DepartmentofEnergy, MinesandResources MetricCoordinatorforStatisticsCanada:JackMacKinnon Verificationofmetricconversions:AlmaBrown,ConstanceBlakey