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C13 – PROFIBUS and PROFINET Network Design – Andy Verwer PDF

36 Pages·2015·0.73 MB·English
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Preview C13 – PROFIBUS and PROFINET Network Design – Andy Verwer

PROFIBUS & PROFIBUS and  PROFINET UK Andy Verwer, Conference, Verwer Training & PROFINET  Stratford-upon-Avon Consultancy Ltd 23/24 June 2015 UK PITC System Design System Design What do we mean by System Design? • We are talking here about Network Design, i.e. PROFIBUS,  PROFINET, and the integration of other technologies such  as standard Ethernet, AS‐i, IO‐Link etc. • Choosing and putting together a collection of available  parts to achieve the desired automation functions,  performance, reliably and at the minimum cost. It should be simple: 1. Understand the desired functions. 2. Understand where costs are incurred. 3. Understand what makes systems reliable/unreliable. 4. Select suitable parts. 5. Assemble according to the specifications. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer System Costs 3 Most system designers and project managers look at the  project procurement, installation and deployment costs when  they price a job. However, the costs of an automation system spread over the  life cycle of the plant and should include maintenance, fault‐ finding and health‐checking. Perhaps most important is the cost in terms of loss of  production should faults develop during the lifetime of the  plant. Spending a little more at procurement time can repay  many times over. Also good fault tolerant design need not be more expensive.  Sometimes fault tolerance can be achieved at no additional  cost. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer Life cycle costs 4 The procurement,  installation and  commissioning  costs are only  incurred at the start  of the project. System overhaul Costs from device  failures increase as  equipment gets  older. When system  overhaul is  undertaken this can  partially reset the  increasing cost of  failures. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer Control System Design Control system design normally proceeds by building on the  experience obtained from previous designs. But, designs which are based on badly designed systems will be  bad! Only by using experience from operations and maintenance  staff can we develop good system designs. In my experience it is rare for such feedback mechanisms to be  present.  Particularly when design is carried out by sub‐ contractors. Designers must know about mistakes that have been made in  the past.  Feedback from operations and maintenance is essential. The contract liability threat and accompanying blame culture is  often responsible for preventing this feedback. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer System Costs 6 Maximising plant availability is critical in reducing the total  costs of the system. It is essential that the System Designer  understands: That minimising plant down time when faults inevitably  occur (i.e. maximising plant availability) is a key  requirement.  The impact of the network layout on plant reliability. That the incorporation of network health checking and  fault finding facilities are essential. How to appropriately use features such as redundancy and  network monitoring and rapid fault location and repair to  improve plant availability. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer Introduction 7 The parts of a control system  will fail whilst in service. The consequences of failures  are often predictable, but the  failures themselves are  unpredictable.   The design of a reliable  control system is not simple. … and should be  accompanied by analysis of  how parts fail and of the  consequences of these  failures. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer Minimising the failure footprint A good network design will minimise the effect on production  when inevitable failures occur. We can speak of minimising the “failure footprint”. Fault effect Fault duration Fault frequency There are three basic ways to minimise the impact of faults: • Make failures less likely – Minimise failure frequency. • Restrict the effects of any failures that will inevitably occur. • Provide for rapid fault detection or performance degradation,  rapid location and rapid repair – Minimise failure duration. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer Minimising the failure footprint 1. Make failures less likely – Minimise failure frequency. Understand and implement the design and installation rules. Improve reliability ‐ use of well tested (certified) and reliable  devices, connectors and network components. For PROFIBUS use the lowest possible bit rate that gives the  required performance. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer Minimising the failure footprint 2. Restrict the effects of any failures that will inevitably occur – Minimise failure extent. Well thought out network layout and design. Think about using:  Separate networks or different masters (distributed control),  Different segments (segmentation),  Dealing with common cause failures. PROFIBUS & PROFINET Conference, June 2015 PROFIBUS & PROFINET System Design, Andy Verwer

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The contract liability threat and accompanying blame culture is often responsible for . Process failure, pipe burst, blockages etc. Redundant device.
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