By Sword and Plow: France and the Conquest of Algeria

384 Pages·2011·17.1 MB·English

by  Jennifer E. Sessions

By Sword and Plow

J JEENNNNIIFFEERR EE.. SSEESSSSIIOONNSS
B SWORD
Y
PLOW
AND
O
France and the Conquest
of Algeria
CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON
Cornell University Press gratefully acknowledges financial support from the University
of Iowa Office of the Vice President for Research and the University of Iowa Department
of History, which aided in the publication of this book.
Copyright © 2011 by Cornell University
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must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher.
For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street,
Ithaca, New York 14850.
First published 2011 by Cornell University Press
First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014
Printed in the United States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Sessions, Jennifer E. (Jennifer Elson), 1974–
By sword and plow : France and the conquest of Algeria / Jennifer E. Sessions.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8014-4975-8 (cloth : alk. paper)
ISBN 978-0-8014-5652-7 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Algeria—History—French Expedition, 1830. 2. France—History—July
Revolution, 1830. 3. Algeria—History—1830–1962. I. Title.
DT294.S44 2011
965'.03—dc22 2011017247
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For my parents

Contents
List of Illustrations ix
Acknowledgments xiii
List of Abbreviations xvii
Introduction: Th e Cultural Origins of French Algeria 1
PART I. By the Sword
1. A Tale of Two Despots: Th e Invasion of Algeria and the
Revolution of 1830 19
2. Empire of Merit: Th e July Monarchy and the Algerian War 67
3. Th e Blood of Brothers: Bonapartism and the Popular Culture
of Conquest 125
PART II. By the Plow
4. Th e Empire of Virtue: Colonialism in the Age of Abolition 177
5. Selling Algeria: Speculation and the Colonial Landscape 208
6. Settling Algeria: Labor, Emigration, and Citizenship 264
Conclusion: Politics and Empire in Nineteenth-Century France 309
Selected Bibliography of Primary Sources 327
Index 357

Illustrations
1 . Th e Royal Evacuation , 1830 21
2. A ccurate View of the City and Port of Algiers , 1830 44
3. Grands projets , 1830 49
4. J. J. Grandville, “Oh! the arabesque!” 1830 51
5. Th e Military Promenade , 1830 51
6. Algiers Is Taken 54
7. Mangin’s Order and Nobility of Soul , 1830 55
8. “And you too are dispossessed?” 1830 62
9. Royal Menagerie , 1830 63
10. Popular images of the July Revolution and
the Algiers expedition, 1830 64
11. Fall of Algiers , 1830 65
12. Engraving of the Constantine Gallery 68
13. J.-J. Grandville caricature of Louis-Philippe’s
foreign policy, 1832 78
14. Caricature of Louis-Philippe’s attachment to
Valmy and Jemappes, 1831 79
15. “Philippe, my father, will leave me no more
glory to acquire!” 1834 80
16. Caricature of the duc d’Orléans’s military
career, 1835 81