Table Of Content

Index Adenoma-carcinoma sequence, genetic basis levels, 241 for the, 36-37 transfer of, and co-stimulatory molecules, Adenomatosis polyposis coli (APC), 45-58, B7.1, 207-208 187, 202, 207 Catenins, 45-58 f-catenin pathway, 45-48 Celecoxib, a cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) B-catenin /Wnt pathway, 68-69 inhibitor, 30 and migration, 48 Cell adhesion recognition, 70 role of, in CRC carcinogenesis, 37-38 Cerundolo V see Smith CL Adjuvant chemotherapy for CRC, 159-167 Cetuximab (C225), 230-232, 246 AKT proto-oncogene, 246 Chau I & Cunningham D: Chemotherapy in Analytical epidemiology, 5-16 colorectal cancer: new options and new Angiogenesis, 70 challenges, 159-180 Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies, Chemoprevention, prospects for, 17-19 229-233 CRC see colorectal cancer Antigen Chemotherapy in colorectal cancer: new non-specific immunotherapy, 189-190 options and new challenges: Chau I & specific immunotherapy, 190-194 Cunningham D, 159-180 Anti-idiotypic antibody vaccines, 193-194 Chen M-J see Palmer DH Antisense oligonucleotide therapy, 218 Child-Pugh classification, 129 Anti-tumour immune responses, 181-82 Chimeric monoclonal antibodies, 230-232 APC see Adenomatous polyposis coli CI-1033, 239 Apoptosis, 70 Clinicopathological prognostic factors, signalling pathways, 245-248 65-66 Ashkenazi Jews, 63 Colonoscopy, 77, 102 Axin gene, 51-52 Computed tomography (CT), 102, 105-106 Concerted Action Polyp Prevention (CAPP), 33 Bacterial vectors for gene therapy, 219 Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal Barium enema, 77, 102 pigment epithelium (CHRPE), 28-29 Bcl-2 antisense (G3139), 245 Cost effectiveness of screening, 79 6-catenin/ COX-2 see Cyclo-oxygenase-2 APC pathway, 45-48 Cryotherapy, 135-136 E-cadherin complex, 48-51 CT colography (virtual colonoscopy), 77, Wnt/ACP, 68-69 102 Bodmer WF see Fearnhead NS Cunningham D see Chau I Body mass index, physical activity and Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, energy intake — epidemiology of, 6-8 18-19, 30 Boyle P & Leon ME: Epidemiology of Cytokines to stimulate T-cell response, colorectal cancer, 1-25 204-206 Buda A & Pignatelli M: Genetics — cellular Cytosine deaminase(CD)/5-fluorocytosine, basis, 45-58 211-212 Cancer-testis antigens, 184 de Bono JS & Rowinsky EK: Therapeutics Capecitabine, 166, 169 targeting signal transduction for patients Carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), 66, 80, with colorectal carcinoma, 227-254 96, 185, 190-194, 206-208, 213, 220 Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis in cancer vaccines, 206-208 (DGGE), 30, 32 British Medical Bulletin 2002; 64: 255-259 © The British Council 2002 Advances in colorectal cancer Dendritic cells, 191-191 Fully humanized monoclonal antibodies, Dietary and nutritional practice — 232-233 epidemiology of, 8-14 DNA mismatch repair pathway, 69 Dorudi S, Steele RJC & McArdle CS: Ganciclovir, 211 Surgery for colorectal cancer, 101-118 Gene therapy challenges for improving, Dukes’ staging, predictive and prognostic 219-221 factors, 61, 78 Gene therapy for colorectal cancer: Palmer Dulphy N see Smith CL DH, Chen M-J & Kerr DJ, 201-225 Dysplasia-associated lesion or mass Gene-directed enzyme prodrug system (DALM), 40 (GDEPT), 210-213 Genetic screening for colorectal cancer or multiple adenomas, 35 E-cadherin/B-catenin complex, 48-51 Genetic testing for inherited syndromes of Edrocolomab (Panorex®), 167, 198-199 colorectal cancer, 34 EGFR see Epidermal growth factor receptor Genetically modified oncolytic virus therapy, EKB-569, 240 213-217 Elective surgery for Genetics — cellular basis: Buda A & colon cancer, 103 Pignatelli M, 45-58 rectal cancer, 103-106 Genetics of colorectal cancer: hereditary Endoluminal ultrasound (EUS), 104-105 aspects and overview of colorectal Endorectal ultrasound, 86-87 tumorigenesis: Fearnhead NS, Wilding JL Energy intake, physical activity and body & Bodmer WE, 27-43 mass — epidemiology of, 6-8 Genomic instability and mutation rate, Eniuracil, 170-171 38-39 Enzyme prodrug systems, 210-213 Gleeson FV see Saunders TH Ep-cam, 185, 198, 249 Glimelius B: Radiotherapy in rectal cancer, Epidemiology of colorectal cancer: Boyle P 141-157 & Leon ME, 1-25 GW5572016, 238 Epidermal growth factor (EGF), 51, 52 receptor (EGFR) family, 185 Hamartomatous polyps, 28, 54 therapeutics targeting, 228-240 Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI), 138 Epigenetic events in colorectal Hepatic metastases, 90-93 carcinogenesis, 40 Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), 51 HER2/neu, 185, 193 Hereditary Faecal occult blood tests (FOBT), 77-78 aspects and overview of colorectal Familial adenomatous polyposis coli (FAP), tumorigenesis, 27-43 27, 28-30, 63, 68, 78 gastric cancer, 28 Familial juvenile polyposis, 28, 34 non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), Farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitors, 27, 28, 31-3363, 67, 68, 78 241-242 Herpes simplex virus (HSV), 211, 213 Fearnhead NS, Wilding JL & Bodmer WF: thymidine kinase (TK)/ganciclovir, 211 Genetics of colorectal cancer: hereditary Hole DJ see McArdle CS aspects and overview of colorectal Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), tumorigenesis, 27-43 epidemiology of, 15-16 Flexible sigmoidoscopy, 76-77, 102 Human anti-chimeric antibodies (HACA), Fluorochrome-labelled tetramers, 187-189 230, 234 Fluoropyrimidines, 159, 169-171 Human anti-murine antibodies (HAMA), 83 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), 246 Human epithelial mucins, 185 and leucovorin (LV), 159-180 Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) to Follow-up postoperative strategies, 114 stimulate T-cell response, 203-204 SSTee ST aD ETAT SES British Medical Bulletin 2002; 64 Imaging colorectal cancer: the use of MRI, scintigraphy for imaging CRC: primary PET and radioimmunoscintigraphy for staging and follow-up, 81-99 primary staging and follow-up, 81-99 Malignant obstruction, management of, Immune 113-114 stimulation (immunogene therapy), 202 Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), 70-71 system, 182-184 Maughan NJ & Quirke P: Pathology — a Immunogene therapy (immune stimulation), molecular prognostic approach, 59-74 202 McArdle CS & Hole DJ: Outcome following Immunomonitoring, 187-189 surgery for colorectal cancer, 119-125 Immunotherapy of colorectal cancer: Smith McArdle CS see also Dorudi S$ CL, Dulphy N, Salio M & Cerundolo V, Mendes Ribeiro HK see Saunders TH 181-200 Metalloproteinase matrilysin (MMP-7), 52 Immunotherapy Microsatellite instability (MSI), 32, 39, 64, antigen non-specific, 189-190 67-69, 186-187 antigen-specific, 190-194 Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) ‘tumour escape’: an obstacle to?, 194 pathways, 242 Indocyanin green (ICG) retention test for Molecular predictive factors, 71 liver function, 129 Molecular prognostic approach to CRC, Inextirpable rectal cancer, radiotherapy in, 59-74 150-152 Monoclonal antibodies Inherited predisposition to colorectal cancer, anti-EGFR, 229-233 27-35 chimeric , 230-232 Irinotecan, 159, 166, 171-172, 246 fully humanized, 232-233 Irinotecan/oxaliplatin, 174-176 MRI see Magnetic resonance imaging MUC-1, 185 Mutant gene correction, 208-210 Juvenile polyposis (SMAD4 mutation), 63 Mutation rate and genomic instability, 38-39 Myeloprotective gene transfer in conjunction Kerr DJ see Palmer DH with chemotherapy, 217-218 Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer, New targets and future directions, 71-72 112-113 New techniques for imaging colorectal Leon ME see Boyle P cancer: the use of MRI, PET and Leucovorin (LV) and 5-FU, 159-180 radioimmunoscintigraphy for primary Liver metastases from CRC, surgery of, staging and follow-up: Saunders TH, 127-140 Mendes Ribeiro HK & Gleeson FV, decreasing postoperative recurrence, 81-99 137-138 NF-«B, inhibition of, 246-248 Liver resection for colorectal metastases, Nitroreductase/CB 1954, 212-213 pre-operative chemotherapy, 136-137 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Local excision of colorectal cancer, (NSAIDs), 17-18 111-112 Nordlinger B see Penna C Locally recurrent tumours, 94-97 Nutritional and dietary practices — Lymph nodes and extra hepatic spread, epidemiology of, 8-14 87-90 Lytic enzyme production, 70-71 Oncolytic virus therapy, genetically Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 102 modified, 213-217 and rectal cancer staging, 106 adenovirus, 214-215 use with PET and radioimmuno- OSI-774 (Tarceva®), 237-238 British Medical Bulletin 2002; 64 Advances in colorectal cancer Outcome following surgery for colorectal in rectal cancer: Glimelius B, 141-157 cancer: McArdle CS & Hole DJ, 119-125 Raf-MEK-Erk pathway, 241 Outcome of liver resection for colorectal Raltitrexed, 159, 176 metastases, 130-134 ras proto-oncogenes, 187 Over-expressed antigens, 184-185 ras signal transduction, targeting, 240-242 Oxaliplatin, 159, 167, 172-174, 246 Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTK), /irinotecan, 174-176 233-238 Recombinant plasmid DNA and viral vectors, 190-191 P13 kinase-Akt pathway, 241 Rectal cancer p53, 186 radical (curative) surgery for, 106-111 tumour suppressor gene correction, radio(chemo)therapy in, 141-157 208-209 role of adjuvant radiotherapy in, 110-111 Palmer DH, Chen M-J & Kerr DJ: Gene Recurence of colorectal metastases, therapy for colorectal cancer, 201-225 reduction of, 138-139 Pathology - a molecular prognostic Replication error (RER*), 32, 39 approach: Maughan NJ & Quirke P, Risk, spectrum of, for colorectal cancer, 78 59-74 Rowinsky EK see de Bono JS Penna C & Nordlinger B: Surgery of liver metastases from colorectal cancer — new Salio M see Smith CL promises, 127-140 Saunders TH, Mendes Ribeiro HK & Peutz Jegher’s syndrome, 28, 30 Gleeson FV: New techniques for imaging LKB1 mutation, 63 colorectal cancer: the use of MRI, PET and Phenylketonuria (PKU), 3 radioimmunoscintigraphy for primary Physical activity, body mass index and staging and follow-up, 81-99 energy intake — epidemiology of, 6-8 Screening for colorectal cancer: Scholefield Pigr atelli M see Buda A JH, 75-80 PKI 166, 238 Screening, 19-20 Polyposis syndromes, 27, 28, 30-31 Screening, genetic, 35 Portal vein embolization, 135 Serine-threonine kinase Akt, 246 Positron emission tomography (PET), MRI Signal transduction, therapeutics targeting, and radioimmunoscintigraphy for imaging for patients with colorectal carcinoma, CRC: primary staging and follow-up, 227-254 81-99 Single strand conformational polymorphism Predictive and prognostic factors for CRC, (SSCP), 30, 32 59-74 Smith CL, Dulphy N, Salio M & Cerundolo Pre-operative preparation, 102 V: Immunotherapy of colorectal cancer, Primary staging, 84-87 181-200 Prodrug activation, 210-213 Sphincter preservation, radio(chemo)therapy Prognostic (molecular) approach to CRC, in rectal cancer, 152-153 59-74 Staging of rectal cancer, 103-104 Proliferation/cell cycle, 70 Staging, TNM, of colorectal cancer, 84 Protein truncation test (PTT), 30, 32 Steele RJC see Dorudi S$ Subtyping colorectal cancer, 63-65 Suicide gene therapy, 210-213 Radical (curative) surgery for rectal cancer, Surgery for colorectal cancer, outcome 106-111 following, 119-125 Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), 135-136 Surgery for colorectal cancer: Dorudi S, Radioimmunoscintigraphy, MRI and PET Steele RJC & McArdle CS, 101-118 for imaging CRC: primary staging and Surgery of liver metastases from colorectal follow-up, 81-99 cancer — new promises: Penna C & Radiotherapy Nordlinger B, 127-140 (adjuvant) in rectal cancer, 110-111 Symptom questionnaires, 76 British Medical Bulletin 2002; 64 LS TEE PS SS SS SE ES I SS TSP TS AT SCA A Targeting Ulcerative colitis associated colorectal mitogen activated protein kinase carcinoma (UCACRC), 40 pathways, 242 Ultrasound ras signal transduction, 240-242 endoluminal (EUS), 104-105 Raf-1 signalling, 242-244 endorectal, 86-87 T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor Uracil and tegafur (UFT) oral, 166-167, (TCF/LEF) family of transcription 169-170 factors, 51 Uracil plus LV, 166-167 Tcf4/Wingless pathway, 68-69 Urokinase-type plasminogen activator Tegafur and uracil (UFT), 166-167, receptor (uPAR), 52 169-170 Therapeutic strategies, 189-194 Therapeutics targeting signal transduction Vaccines, anti-idiotypic antibody, 193-194 for patients with colorectal carcinoma, de Vaccines (cancer), Bono JS & Rowinsky EK, 227-254 carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) in, TNM staging of colorectal cancer, 84 206-208 Tobacco smoking and colorectal cancer risk, development and delivery, 181-200 14-15 Variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) Trail (TNF related apoptosis inducing regions, 185 ligand) treceptors, targeting, 248 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), 52, 70, 72 111-112 Virus-directed enzyme prodrug therapy Transcriptionally active drugs, 218 (VDEPT), 210-213 Transforming growth factor B (TGF-f), 54-55 TGF-S/SMAD2 and SMAD4 pathway, 69 receptor II (TGF-BR-II), 186-187 Wilding JL see Fearnhead NS Tumorigenesis, overview of colorectal, Wingless/cTf 4 pathway, 68-69 27-43 Wingless/Wnt signalling pathway, 51-54 Tumour antigens, 184-187 Wnt/APC/f-catenin pathway, 68-69 Tyrosine kinase, receptor, inhibitors, 233-238 irreversible inhibitors, 238-240 ZD 1839 (Iresa®), 233-237 British Medical Bulletin 2002; 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