Boys to Men in the Shadow of AIDS: Masculinities and HIV Risk in Zambia

252 Pages·2009·2.73 MB·English

by  Anthony Simpson

Boys to Men in the Shadow of AIDS
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Boys to Men in
the Shadow of AIDS
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Masculinities and ct -
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HIV Risk in Zambia n
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Anthony Simpson ua
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10.1057/9780230620711 - Boys to Men in the Shadow of AIDS, Anthony Simpson
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BOYS TO MEN IN THE SHADOW OF AIDS
Copyright © Anthony Simpson, 2009.
All rights reserved.
Portions of this work have been previously published.
Chapter 2 is a revised version of “Sons and Fathers/Boys to Men in the
Time of AIDS: Learning Masculinity in Zambia.” Journal of Southern African
Studies 31 (3): 569–586. Taylor and Francis. 2005.
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Chapter 3 is an expanded version of “Learning Sex and Gender in Zambia: 3-
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Masculinities and HIV/AIDS Risk.” Sexualities 10 (2): 173–188. 1-
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Sage Publications. 2007. 20
Some extracts are taken from “Courage, Conquest and Condoms.” In ct -
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“AIDS, Culture and Africa,” ed. Douglas A. Feldman. University of nn
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Florida Press. 2008. C
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Permission to publish this material here is gratefully acknowledged. gra
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FPiniAr tsLhtG epR uUAbnVliiEtse hMde dAS CtinaM t2eIL0sL—0A9Na b ®dyivision of St. Martin’s Press LLC, ersity - P
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. niv
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Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, ua
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this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, g
registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, un
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Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. C
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Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies d t
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and has companies and representatives throughout the world. ns
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Pthaelg Uranviete®d a Knidn gMdaocmm, iElluarno®p ea raen rde goitshteerre cdo utrnatdreiems.arks in the United States, m - li
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ISBN-13: 978–0–230–61391–1 ct.
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ISBN-10: 0–230–61391–8 nn
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the ve
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Library of Congress. gr
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A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. w.
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Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. m
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First edition: May 2009 al fr
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Printed in the United States of America. ht
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CONTENTS
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Acknowledgments vii eC
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1. Introduction 1 y -
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2. Fathers and Sons: The Measure of a Man 19 ver
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3. Learning Sex In and Out of School 37 ua
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4. Sexual Lives after School 61 u
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5. Married Life 91 d t
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6. Sexuality as a Site of Difference 115 ce
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7. “Has God Come in Another Way?” 145 o
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8. Responses to Campaigns 171 n
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9. Conclusion 193 v
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Notes 205 ww
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References 221 al fr
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Index 235 at
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10.1057/9780230620711 - Boys to Men in the Shadow of AIDS, Anthony Simpson
Acknowledgments
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Many people have assisted me in the long process of writing this ect - 2
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book. I am grateful to Ronnie Frankenberg for his encouragement at on
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the outset of the project. Friends and colleagues read my work as it ve
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progressed. Some commented on the whole manuscript, while others algr
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read chapters of earlier versions. I am grateful to Elizabeth Colson, y -
Jeanette Edwards, Gillian Evans, Harri Englund, James Ferguson, ersit
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Suzette Heald, Paul Henley, David Mills, Robert Morrell, Judith ni
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Okely, Lyn Schumaker, Tom Yarrow, and Soumhya Venkatesan for ua
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their helpful comments and advice. I would also like to thank heads ng
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of the department of Social Anthropology at Manchester University, Ch
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John Gledhill at the project’s inception, and Sarah Green at its con- d t
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clusion for their help and encouragement. I am also indebted to ns
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Austin Cheyeka in Zambia and to my nephew Paul in England, and m - li
to Marie Rostron and Lynn Dignan at Manchester University for o
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their generous practical assistance. Luba Ostashevsky, Colleen Lawrie, ct.
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and Allison McElgunn at Palgrave have shepherded the book through on
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its various stages with kindness and expertise. Maran Elancheran has ve
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provided excellent copyediting. algr
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Members of my family, my mother Lois, my sisters Susan, Maureen, w.
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and Catherine and their partners George, Bill, and Alex have given m
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constant encouragement and support. Most of all I am indebted to al fr
the Zambian men and women who agreed to take part in this research. eri
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They allowed me access to some of the intimate spaces of their lives. m
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They trusted that I would use the information I learned in a respon- g
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sible manner. I have tried my best to honor that trust. p
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10.1057/9780230620711 - Boys to Men in the Shadow of AIDS, Anthony Simpson
1
Introduction 04
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ampa and Promise, Paul and Kangwa, Darius, Henry, and their e
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classmates were students together at a Zambian boys’ Catholic mis- gr
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sion boarding school in the early 1980s. These are not their real y - P
names. I have used pseudonyms and at times altered superficial details sit
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about them to protect their anonymity in this account of their lives, niv
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lived in the shadow of HIV/AIDS. My research focuses on a number a
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of questions; among them: How did they learn to be men? How did g
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they come to know themselves as engendered sexual beings? How hu
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have they conducted their sexual lives in the face of the pandemic? d to
I taught these men in the junior and senior secondary stages of se
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ttehaecirh eerd uthcarotiuognh, amt uthche socfh othoel t1h9a7t 0Is ,c a1l9l 8S0t.s ,A anntdo ntyh’se, ewahrleyr ea nI dw masi da m - lic
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1990s. They belonged to the “fortunate few” Zambians “lucky” ct.
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enough to win places at one of the best schools in the country. They nn
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formed part of an elite in terms of educational opportunity, though e
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this did not necessarily ensure elite membership twenty years later. gr
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They came from a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many w.p
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were the children of subsistence farmers and manual laborers. Others w
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cina mteh ef rohmig hweera letchhieerl ohnosu soefh othldes wruitlihn gfa tphoelrist iicna lp rpoafretsys,i otnhael wUonrkit eodr erial fro
National Independence Party (UNIP). Several were the sons of pri- mat
mary school teachers. I watched them grow from shy newcomers in ht
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their early and mid-teens—kwiyos in student talk1—to confident pyri
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school-leavers. Many were impatient to fulfil their dreams of what C
they imagined education would deliver—to become doctors, lawyers,
engineers, teachers—and to achieve the status of adult men by marry-
ing and having children. Some did indeed achieve their aims, though
others faced lives of poverty and unemployment and some lives were
cut short by AIDS.
When I first recorded their life histories in 1983 and 1984, around
the time they finished school, my interest was to explore the impact
10.1057/9780230620711 - Boys to Men in the Shadow of AIDS, Anthony Simpson
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