Atlas of Structural Geological Interpretation from Seismic Images PDF
Preview Atlas of Structural Geological Interpretation from Seismic Images
Atlas of Structural Geological Interpretation from Seismic Images Atlas of Structural Geological Interpretation from Seismic Images Edited by Achyuta Ayan Misra Reliance Industries Ltd Navi Mumbai India [email protected]; [email protected] Soumyajit Mukherjee Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai, Maharashtra India [email protected] This edition first published 2018 © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. The right of Achyuta Ayan Misra and Soumyajit Mukherjee to be identified as the author(s) of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with law. 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Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Names: Misra, A. A. (Achyuta Ayan), editor. | Mukherjee, Soumyajit, editor. Title: Atlas of structural geological interpretation from seismic images / edited by Achyuta Ayan Misra and Soumyajit Mukherjee. Description: Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Identifiers: LCCN 2017049885 (print) | LCCN 2017054608 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119158349 (pdf) | ISBN 9781119158356 (epub) | ISBN 9781119158325 (cloth) Subjects: LCSH: Seismic tomography–Atlases. Classification: LCC QE538.5 (ebook) | LCC QE538.5 .A85 2018 (print) | DDC 551.22–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017049885 Cover Design: Wiley Cover Image: Devonian, Permo-Triassic and Jurassic extensional faults at the transition between the Viking Graben (right hand side) and the Crawford-Skipper Basin on the East Shetland Platform (left hand side), UK North Sea. Courtesy of PGS (3D GeoStreamero survey Q16-2013). Set in 10/12pt Warnock by SPi Global, Pondicherry, India 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 In memory of my grandmother, Shankari Chakraborty, for her unconditional love and inspiration: Achyuta Ayan Misra In loving memory of my grandmother, Namita Mukherjee, who left the world on 12 October 2016: Soumyajit Mukherjee vii Contents Contributors xiii Preface xvii Acknowledgements xix 1 Introduction to Seismic Data 1 Achyuta Ayan Misra and Ashok Yadav 1.1 Seismic Reflection Method 1 1.2 Seismic Data Acquisition 1 1.2.1 Land Acquisition 3 1.2.2 Marine Acquisition 3 1.2.3 Transition Zones 4 1.3 Processing Seismic Data 5 1.3.1 Noise 5 1.3.2 Gathers 7 1.3.3 Migration and Stacking 7 1.3.4 Resolution of Seismic Data 7 1.4 Seismic Attributes 11 1.4.1 Coherency 12 1.4.2 Dip and Azimuth 12 1.4.3 Curvature 13 References 14 2 Seismic Structural Analysis 15 Achyuta Ayan Misra and Soumyajit Mukherjee 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Advantages and Limitations of Seismic Data Analyses 16 2.3 Interpreting Faults 17 2.4 Some Common Analyses 21 2.4.1 Geometry of Deformation Structures 21 2.4.2 Crustal Architecture Analyses 21 2.4.3 Progressive Deformation Analysis 21 2.4.4 Strain Analysis 22 2.5 Workflow 22 References 22 Part I Faults 27 3 Normal Faults in the Crawford-Skipper Basin, East Shetland Platform, United Kingdom 29 William Reid and Stefano Patruno References 32 viii Contents 4 Normal Faults Bounding Rift Grabens in Krishna‐Godavari Basin, India 35 Achyuta Ayan Misra References 39 5 Bitsminda Anticline: South Kura Foreland Fold and Thrust Belt, Georgia 41 Victor Alania, A. Chabukiani, O. Enukidze, K. Gogrichiani, Z. Mikeladze, and G. Tatishvili References 42 6 Diffraction and Refraction Occurring in a Fault Zone in Corinth Gulf, Greece as Seen by Vertical Seismic Profiling 43 Joachim Place, Charles Naville, and Isabelle Moretti References 45 7 Horst Inversion Within a Décollement Zone During Extension Upper Rhine Graben, France 47 Joachim Place, M. Diraison, Y. Géraud, and Hemin A. Koyi References 49 8 Interpretation of a Vertical Seismic Profile Diffraction Occurring at a Basement–Sedimentary Cover Interface in the Rhine Graben, France 51 Joachim Place and Charles Naville References 53 9 Clara Inversion Anticline, Adriatic Sea, Italy 55 Paolo Pace Acknowledgements 59 References 59 10 Emma Inversion Structure, Adriatic Sea, Italy 61 Paolo Pace Acknowledgements 64 References 64 11 Inversion in the Umiat Basin (Part 1) National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA), North Slope, Alaska 65 Paolo Pace Acknowledgements 67 References 68 12 Inversion in the Umiat Basin (Part 2) National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA), North Slope, Alaska 69 Paolo Pace Acknowledgements 71 References 72 13 Complex Multiphase Inversion Tectonics in the Southern East Shetland Platform, Offshore United Kingdom 73 Stefano Patruno and William Reid References 75 14 Impact of Activation of a Syn‐Depositional Normal Fault on Sedimentation in Greater Mid North Sea High 77 Stefano Patruno and William Reid References 81 Contents ix 15 Imaging Normal Faults Using Dual Sensor Streamers 83 Stefano Patruno and William Reid Acknowledgements 87 References 87 16 Understanding Sinkholes Using Shear Wave Reflection Seismic Imaging in N Germany 89 Charlotte M. Krawczyk and U. Polom References 91 17 Post‐Earthquake Subsurface Structure for Reconstruction Planning Using Shear Wave Reflection Seismic Imaging in Banda Aceh, Indonesia 93 Charlotte M. Krawczyk and U. Polom 17.1 Location Negeri 93 17.2 Location Babah Jurong 93 17.3 Location Military Airport 94 17.4 Location Lampasi Engking 95 17.5 Location Iakapeh 96 References 99 18 Shallow Detachment Along a Transform Margin in Cauvery Basin, India 101 Achyuta Ayan Misra and Swagato Dasgupta References 105 19 Normal Faulting Related to Differential Compaction on the 85°E Ridge in the Bay of Bengal, India 107 Achyuta Ayan Misra References 111 20 Polygonal Fault System in Late Cretaceous Sediments of Cauvery Deepwater Basin, India 113 Swagato Dasgupta and Achyuta Ayan Misra References 115 21 Transfer Zone Geometry in the Offshore Cauvery Basin, India 117 Swagato Dasgupta and Abhimanyu Maitra References 120 22 Synrift Grabens and Inversion in the Cauvery Offshore Basin on the East Coast of India 123 Abhimanyu Maitra References 125 23 Pull‐Apart Basin in the Offshore Cauvery–Palar Basin, India 127 Swagato Dasgupta References 129 24 Sedimentary Deformation Features Produced by Differential Compaction and Buoyancy in the Offshore Palar Basin, East Coast of India 131 Swagato Dasgupta References 133 Part II Folds 135 25 Compression Folds and a Strike‐Slip Fault in Flowing Evaporites, Red Sea 137 Neil C. Mitchell and Marco Ligi References 139
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