Atlas of Race, Ancestry, and Religion in 21st-Century Florida

137 Pages·2006·14.5 MB·English

by  Morton D. Winsberg

Atlas of
W
in As one of the most racially, ancestrally, and
s
b religiously diverse regions in the nation, Florida
e
r rivals California and New York in its multiplicity
g
Morton D. Winsberg is emeritus professor of
of cultures. More than 14 million people have
Race,
geography at Florida State University, one of
joined the ranks of Florida citizens since World
the contributors to The Atlas of Florida (UPF,
War II—most through migration rather than
“The first-ever study of Florida’s religious bodies
first edition, 1981; revised, 1996) and author
natural increase. This highly detailed study of
of Florida Weather (UPF, first edition, 1990; in the contexts of race and ancestry will be
Florida’s population focuses on where selected
revised, 2003). welcomed by all who study the social patterns racial, ancestral, and religious groups live in Florida,
of the Sunshine State.”—Michael Gannon, A Ancestry, where they lived previously, and why they chose
Cover photographs courtesy of University of Florida tla to settle where they are.
The Florida State Archives
s Relying primarily on the U.S. Census of 2000—

o
more detailed than any previous census—as
“A textured picture of the complexities of Florida’s in f R well as the Glenmary Home Missioners’ national
2a
diversity. The straightforward narrative and the 1c census of religion, books, articles, and fieldwork,
se
helpful maps and statistical tables will make it t-, and Religion Winsberg provides narrative analysis of the
CA distribution of these groups, 108 maps depicting
useful for academic researchers, students, policy en
nc their distribution throughout the state, 38 maps
planners, and anyone else who is interested te
us showing their distribution within its four largest
rt
in an up to date snapshot of [Florida’s] rapidly yr metropolitan areas, and 11 tables that supplement
y
changing state.”—Kevin A. Yelvington, University Fl, a both the narrative and maps. The author begins
on with a brief history of Florida’s population from
of South Florida rid in
d its pre-Columbian inhabitants to the most recent
aR
e immigrants, followed by chapters on where and
l
ig why certain counties have become identified with
io specific groups, and a final chapter explaining the
n
distribution of these groups within the state’s four

largest urban areas.
21st-Century
In light of Florida voters’ impact on the last
two presidential elections, the nation at large is
watching the state with great interest to see how
these groups will exercise their emerging political
power. Illuminating the incredible diversity
the state has experienced during the last half-
Florida century, this atlas of historical and contemporary
Florida is a revealing reference tool for political
scientists, journalists, geographers, cultural
anthropologists, social scientists, gerontologists,
University Press of Florida
public administrators, government planners, and
15 Northwest 15th Street
demographers, as well as scholars and students of
Gainesville, FL 32611-2079
University Press of Florida Florida history and politics.
http://www.upf.com
ISBN 0-8130-2929-5
,!7IA8B3-acjcja! UPF Morton D. Winsberg
Atlas of Race, Ancestry, and Religion in 21st-Century Florida
Florida A&M University, Tallahassee
Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton
Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers
Florida International University, Miami
Florida State University, Tallahassee
New College of Florida, Sarasota
University of Central Florida, Orlando
University of Florida, Gainesville
University of North Florida, Jacksonville
University of South Florida, Tampa
University of West Florida, Pensacola

Atlas of Race, Ancestry, and Religion
in 21st-Century Florida
Morton D. Winsberg
Urban Cartography by Jeff Ueland
University Press of Florida
Gainesville/Tallahassee/Tampa/Boca Raton
Pensacola/Orlando/Miami/Jacksonville/Ft. Myers/Sarasota
Copyright 2006 by Morton D. Winsberg
All rights reserved
A record of cataloging-in-publication data is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-0-8130-3600-7 (eBook)

The University Press of Florida is the scholarly publishing agency for the State
University System of Florida, comprising Florida A&M University, Florida Atlantic
University, Florida Gulf Coast University, Florida International University, Florida
State University, New College of Florida, University of Central Florida, University of
Florida, University of North Florida, University of South Florida, and University of
West Florida.
University Press of Florida
15 Northwest 15th Street
Gainesville, FL 32611-2079
http://www.upf.com
Contents
List of Figures vii
List of Tables viii
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
Data 5
1. A Brief History of the Population of Florida
Colonial Period 8
Antebellum Period 10
Civil War to the End of World War II 13
Post–World War II Period 17
2. County Population Concentrations
Introduction 22
The Races and Non-Hispanic Whites Over 65 25
Latin American Ancestry 30
Other Western Hemisphere Ancestry 39
European Ancestry 42
Middle Eastern and African Ancestry 48
Other Asian Ancestry 51
Ancestry Diversity 54
3. A Brief History of Religion in Florida
Two Spanish Periods and the British Interlude 56
Territorial Period until 1950 57
Post–World War II Period 58
4. Contemporary Distribution of Religious Denominations in Florida
Introduction 59
Contemporary Concentrations of Denominations 64
5. Racial and Ancestry Distributions within Florida’s Large Urban Areas
Introduction 72
Gold Coast Urban Region 73
Tampa Bay Urban Region 84
Orlando Urban Region 94
Jacksonville Urban Region 104
Conclusion 119
References 121
Figures
I.1. Dot distribution map of Florida, 2000 2
I.2. Florida counties 3
I.3. Cities and towns of Florida 4
1.1. Florida population regions 12
2.1. The diffusion of non-Hispanic whites 65 years of age and older 28
2.2. The diffusion of Hispanics 34
2.3. Ancestry diversity 54
4.1. Leading religious denomination 60
4.2. S econd largest religious denomination 61
4.3. Share of the adherents of the two largest religious denominations
in the county totals 64
5.1. Diffusion of Hispanics in Miami–Dade County 75
5.2. Diffusion of Blacks in Miami–Dade County 76
Tables
1.1. Percentage change of total population 1830–2000 by region 11
1.2. Components of population change in Florida by decade: share of
different groups in Florida’s growth between 1880 and 2000 15
1.3. Sources of Florida in-migrants (percentage of total in parentheses).
Residence five years before census date 19
1.4 a–d. Regional share of four population groups, 1960, 1980, and 2000 20
a. Non-Hispanic whites less than 65 years old (%)
b. Non-Hispanic whites aged 65 or older (%)
c. Blacks (%)
d. Hispanics (%)
2.1. How Florida’s population chooses to identify itself in 2000 (first race
or ancestry) 23
4.1. Major Florida religious denominations (number of adherents) 63
5.1. The share of races and ancestry groups in the Gold Coast urban region
compared with their share in the nation’s total 77
5.2. Percent of group living in poor and affluent tracts on the Gold Coast 82
5.3. The share of races and ancestry groups in the Tampa Bay urban region
compared with their share in the nation’s total 91
5.4. The share of races and ancestry groups in the Orlando urban region
compared with their share in the nation’s total 100
5.5. The share of races and ancestry groups in the Jacksonville urban region
compared with their share in the nation’s total 110
Acknowledgments
I am indebted to members of the Florida Resources and Environmental
Analysis Center at Florida State University, particularly Peter Krafft and Betsy
Purdum for their technical and editorial advice. The staff of Florida State
University’s Division of Documents and Special Collections was extremely
helpful. Special thanks must go to Judy Depew who patiently helped me
obtain population data from the Internet. Faculty and staff of Florida State
University’s Department of Geography generously assisted me in resolving
many of the technical problems that accompany the construction of an at-
las. Shawn Lewers deserves particular recognition. Peter Vincent of England’s
Lancaster University provided invaluable critical advice, and the University
of Miami’s Ira Sheskin supplied some of the religious data. I am also grateful
to David Graham of the University Press of Florida who established how to
execute the maps in a graphics program and determined their color schemes.
I am also grateful to my copyeditor, Nevil Parker, who greatly improved my
manuscript.