Description:This book is part of a two-volume set that constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, ICANN 2007, held in Porto, Portugal, in September 2007. The 197 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 376 submissions. This second volume contains 99 contributions related to computational neuroscience, neurocognitive studies, applications in biomedicine and bioinformatics, pattern recognition, data clustering, self-organization, text mining and internet applications, signal and times series processing, vision and image processing, robotics, control, real world applications, independent component analysis, graphs, emotion and attention: empirical findings and neural models, as well as understanding and creating cognitive systems.