Archaeologies of Sexuality

320 Pages·2000·5.79 MB·English

by  Robert A. Schmidt

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2 Archaeologies
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5 of Sexuality
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Status, age, and gender have long been accepted aspects of archaeological enquiry, yet it
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is only recently that archaeologists have started to consider seriously the role of sex and
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sexuality in their studies.
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Archaeologies of Sexualityis the first volume to explore this original archaeological research
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and meet the challenges of integrating the study of sex and sexuality within archaeology.
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It presents a strong, diverse body of scholarship, investigating locations as varied as medieval
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England, the ancient Mayan civilizations, New Kingdom Egypt, prehistoric Europe, prehis-
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toric as well as colonial and Victorian North America, and convict-era Australia. Above
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all, this work demonstrates that variability in sexual expression is not solely a modern
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phenomenon. Sexuality has been an important and changing ingredient of human social
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life for thousands of years.
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This pioneering volume will serve both as a valuable reference text for archaeologists
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pursuing similar studies, and as the essential introduction to sexuality studies for archae-
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ologists who have not explored the topic before.
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Robert A. Schmidt and Barbara L. Voss are doctoral candidates at the University of
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California at Berkeley.
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• ii • Barbara L. Voss and Robert A. Schmidt
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Introduction • iii •
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2 Archaeologies
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5 of Sexuality
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5 Edited by
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7 Robert A. Schmidt and Barbara L. Voss
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56 Taylor&Francis Group
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118 London and New York
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First published 2000 10
by Routledge 1
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE 2
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Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge 4
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 5
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group
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This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. 8
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“To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s
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collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.”
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Selection and editorial matter © 2000 Robert A. Schmidt
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and Barbara L. Voss; individual chapters © 2000 the contributors
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All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or 4
utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now 5
known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in 6
any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing
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from the publishers.
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data 9
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library 3011
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Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
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Archaeologies of sexuality / [edited by] Robert A. Schmidt and Barbara L. Voss.
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p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index. 4
1. Social archaeology. 2. Sex – History. 3. Sex role – History. 5
4. Excavations (Archaeology). 5. Material culture. 6
I. Schmidt, Robert A., 1953– II. Voss, Barbara L., 1967– 7
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CC72.4 .A734 2000
930.1¢028¢5–dc21 00–020504 9
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ISBN 0-203-99187-7 Master e-book ISBN 1
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ISBN 0–415–22365–2 (hbk) 4
ISBN 0–415–22366–0 (pbk) 5
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Dedicated to the memory of
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Robert Daniel Ennis
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1946–1998
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Introduction • vii •
1 Contents
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3 List of figures x
4 List of tables xii
5 List of contributors xiii
6 Acknowledgements xv
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Chapter One
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ARCHAEOLOGIES OF SEXUALITY: AN INTRODUCTION 1
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Barbara L. Voss and Robert A. Schmidt
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I – WHERE IT HAPPENS: STRUCTURED SPACE AND SEX
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Chapter Two
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COLONIAL SEX: ARCHAEOLOGY, STRUCTURED SPACE,
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AND SEXUALITY IN ALTA CALIFORNIA’S
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SPANISH-COLONIAL MISSIONS 35
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Barbara L. Voss
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Chapter Three
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SITES, SETTLEMENTS, AND URBAN SEX: ARCHAEOLOGY
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AND THE STUDY OF GAY LEATHERMEN IN SAN FRANCISCO,
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1955–1995 62
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Gayle Rubin
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UNSEXING THE BODY: THE INTERIOR SEXUALITY OF MEDIEVAL
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RELIGIOUS WOMEN 89
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Roberta Gilchrist
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THE SITE OF SEXUALITY: WILLIAM BECKFORD’S FONTHILL
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ABBEY, 1780–1824 104
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Whitney Davis
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II – THE STUFF OF SEX: MATERIAL CULTURE AND 1
SEXUALITY 2
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MARY ANN HALL’S FIRST-CLASS HOUSE: THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF A 5
CAPITAL BROTHEL 117 6
Donna J. Seifert, Elizabeth Barthold O’Brien, and Joseph Balicki 7
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MAGICAL PASSIONS: SEXUALITY AND AFRICAN-AMERICAN 10
ARCHAEOLOGY 129 1
Laurie A. Wilkie 2
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Chapter Eight 4
BULLDAGGERS AND GENTLE LADIES: ARCHAEOLOGICAL 5
APPROACHES TO FEMALE HOMOSEXUALITY IN CONVICT-ERA 6
AUSTRALIA 143 7
Eleanor Conlin Casella 8
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RED LIGHT VOICES: AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL DRAMA OF LATE 1
NINETEENTH-CENTURY PROSTITUTION 160 2
Julia G. Costello 3
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III – SEXUAL IDENTITIES, SEXUAL POLITICS 6
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ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE ’AQI: GENDER AND SEXUALITY IN 9
PREHISTORIC CHUMASH SOCIETY 179 3011
Sandra E. Hollimon 1
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Chapter Eleven 3
SEARCHING FOR THIRD GENDERS: TOWARDS A PREHISTORY OF 4
DOMESTIC SPACE IN MIDDLE MISSOURI VILLAGES 197 5
Elizabeth Prine 6
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Chapter Twelve 8
SHAMANS AND NORTHERN COSMOLOGY: THE DIRECT 9
HISTORICAL APPROACH TO MESOLITHIC SEXUALITY 220 4011
Robert A. Schmidt 1
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Chapter Thirteen 3
CONSTRUCTING UTOPIAN SEXUALITIES: THE ARCHAEOLOGY AND 4
ARCHITECTURE OF THE EARLY SOVIET STATE 236 5
Victor Buchli 6
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Contents • ix •
1 IV – THE SEXUAL GAZE: REPRESENTATION AND IMAGERY
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3 Chapter Fourteen
4 RE-EM(BED)DING SEX: DOMESTICITY, SEXUALITY, AND RITUAL IN
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6 Lynn Meskell
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8 Chapter Fifteen
9 A PRECOLUMBIAN GAZE: MALE SEXUALITY AMONG THE
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1 Rosemary A. Joyce
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4 CONCLUSION
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6 Chapter Sixteen
7 MEANWHILE, BACK AT THE VILLAGE: DEBATING THE
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9 Margaret W. Conkey
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1 Index 295
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