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Arabic and contact-induced change PDF

702 Pages·2020·3.568 MB·Language Science Press
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Arabic and contact-induced change Edited by Christopher Lucas Stefano Manfredi language Contact and Multilingualism 1 science press ContactandMultilingualism Editors:IsabelleLéglise(CNRSSeDyL),StefanoManfredi(CNRSSeDyL) Inthisseries: 1. Lucas,Christopher&StefanoManfredi(eds.).Arabicandcontact-inducedchange. Arabic and contact-induced change Edited by Christopher Lucas Stefano Manfredi language science press Lucas,Christopher&StefanoManfredi(eds.).2020.Arabicandcontact-induced change (ContactandMultilingualism1).Berlin:LanguageSciencePress. Thistitlecanbedownloadedat: http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/235 ©2020,theauthors PublishedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution4.0Licence(CCBY4.0): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN:978-3-96110-251-8(Digital) 978-3-96110-252-5(Hardcover) DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3744565 Sourcecodeavailablefromwww.github.com/langsci/235 Collaborativereading:paperhive.org/documents/remote?type=langsci&id=235 Coverandconceptofdesign:UlrikeHarbort Typesetting:ChristopherLucas,FelixKopecky Proofreading:AlysBooteCooper,AmirGhorbanpour,AmrEl-Zawawy,Anna Shea,AndreasHölzl,CarlaBombi,ChamsBernard,EdalatShekari,IkmiNur Oktavianti,JeroenvandeWeijer,JeanNitzke,SeanStalley,TomBossuyt, WaldfriedPremper,VarundeCastro-Arrazola&YvonneTreis Fonts:Libertinus,Arimo,DejaVuSansMono,SILScheherazade Typesettingsoftware:XƎLATEX LanguageSciencePress Xhain GrünbergerStr.16 10243Berlin,Germany langsci-press.org StorageandcataloguingdonebyFUBerlin Contents 1 Introduction ChristopherLucas&StefanoManfredi 1 I Contact-inducedchangeinvarietiesofArabic 2 Pre-IslamicArabic AhmadAl-Jallad 37 3 ClassicalandModernStandardArabic MarijnvanPutten 57 4 ArabicinIraq,Syria,andsouthernTurkey StephanProcházka 83 5 KhuzestanArabic BettinaLeitner 115 6 AnatolianArabic FarukAkkuş 135 7 CypriotMaroniteArabic MaryAnnWalter 159 8 NigerianArabic JonathanOwens 175 9 MaghrebiArabic AdamBenkato 197 10 MoroccanArabic JeffreyHeath 213 Contents 11 AndalusiArabic ÁngelesVicente 225 12 ḤassāniyyaArabic CatherineTaine-Cheikh 245 13 Maltese ChristopherLucas&SlavomírČéplö 265 14 Arabicinthediaspora LucaD’Anna 303 15 Arabicpidginsandcreoles AndreiAvram 321 II LanguagechangethroughcontactwithArabic 16 ModernSouthArabianlanguages SimoneBettega&FabioGasparini 351 17 Neo-Aramaic EleanorCoghill 371 18 Berber LameenSouag 403 19 Beja MartineVanhove 419 20 Iranianlanguages DénesGazsi 441 21 Kurdish ErginÖpengin 459 22 NorthernDomari BrunoHerin 489 23 JerusalemDomari YaronMatras 511 ii Contents 24 MediterraneanLinguaFranca JoannaNolan 533 III Domainsofcontact-inducedchangeacrossArabicvarieties 25 New-dialectformation:TheAmmandialect EnamAl-Wer 551 26 Dialectcontactandphonologicalchange WilliamM.Cotter 567 27 ContactandvariationinArabicintonation SamHellmuth 583 28 Contact-inducedgrammaticalizationbetweenArabicdialects ThomasLeddy-Cecere 603 29 Contactandcalquing StefanoManfredi 625 30 Contactandtheexpressionofnegation ChristopherLucas 643 Index 669 iii Chapter 1 Introduction Christopher Lucas SOASUniversityofLondon Stefano Manfredi CNRS,SeDyL Thisintroductorychaptergivesanoverviewoftheaims,scope,andapproachof thevolume,whilealsoprovidingathematicbibliographyofthemostsignificant previousliteratureonArabicandcontact-inducedchange. 1 Rationale Withitslengthywrittenhistory,wideandwell-studieddialectalvariation,andin- volvement in numerous heterogeneous contact situations, the Arabic language has an enormous contribution to make to our understanding of how language contactcanleadtochange.Untilnow,however,mostofwhatisknownaboutthe diverseoutcomesofcontactsbetweenArabicandotherlanguageshasremained inaccessibletonon-specialists.Therearebriefsummarysketches(Versteegh2001; 2010;Thomason2011;Manfredi2018),aswellasarecentcollectionofarticlesona rangeofissuesconnectedwithArabicandlanguagecontactingeneral(Manfredi &Tosco2018),butnolargersynthesisofthekindthatisavailable,forexample, forAmazonianlanguages(Aikhenvald2002). Arabic has thus played little part in work to date on contact-induced change thatiscrosslinguisticinscope(thoughseeMatras2009;Trudgill2011forpartial exceptions).Byprovidingthecommunityofgeneralandhistoricallinguistswith the present collaborative synthesis of expertise on Arabic and contact-induced change, we hope to help rectify this situation. The work consists of twenty- nine chapters by leading authorities in their fields, and is divided into three ChristopherLucas&StefanoManfredi. 2020. Introduction. InChristopherLucas& StefanoManfredi(eds.), Arabicandcontact-inducedchange,1–33. Berlin: Language SciencePress. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3744501 ChristopherLucas&StefanoManfredi Parts:overviewsofcontact-inducedchangeinindividualArabicvarieties(PartI); overviewsoftheoutcomesofcontactwithArabicinotherlanguages(PartII);and overviewsofvarioustypesofchangesacrossArabicvarieties,inwhichcontact hasplayedasignificantrole(PartIII).ChaptersineachofthethreePartsfollow the fixed broad outlines detailed below in §5, in order to maximize coherence and ease of reference. All authors have also been encouraged a) to ensure their chapterscontainarichsetof(uniformlyglossedandtranscribed)linguisticdata, includingoriginaldatawhereappropriate,andb)toprovideasmuchsociohistor- icaldataaspossibleonthespeechcommunitiesinvolved,framedwherepossible with reference to Van Coetsem’s (1988; 2000) distinction between changes due to borrowing (by agents dominant in the recipient language (RL)) and imposi- tion(byagentsdominantinthesourcelanguage(SL);see§4forfurtherdetails). Thesefeaturesareaimedatensuringthatthedatapresentedinthevolumecan beproductivelydrawnuponbyscholarsandstudentsoflinguisticswhoarenot specialistsinArabiclinguistics,andespeciallythoseworkingonthemechanisms, typology,outcomes,andtheoryofcontact-inducedchangecross-linguistically. Therestofthisintroductorychapterisstructuredasfollows.Webeginbypro- vidingathematicbibliographyofexistingworkonArabicandcontact-induced changein§2.Theoverallscopeofthepresentvolumeisthendetailedin§3.§3.1 locatesandclassifiesthedifferentvarietiesofwhatiscalled“Arabic”accordingto Jastrow’s(2002)threegeographiczonesandLabov’s(2007)conceptsoftransmis- sion and diffusion in language change, while §3.2–§3.4 provide an overview of thecontentofeachofthethreePartsintowhichthepresentvolumeisdivided.In §4wegivedetailsofVanCoetsem’s(1988;2000)framework,andin§5weoutline thecommonstructureandtranscriptionandglossingconventionsofthevolume. Thisintroductorychapterthenfinisheswith§6,inwhichwediscusssomeofthe challenges to Van Coetsem’s framework posed by the data in this volume, how these challenges can be addressed, and how the data and analyses collected in thepresentworkcanbebuiltonbyothers. 2 Previous work As noted in §1, there is a reasonably large existing literature focusing on spe- cificaspectsofArabicandcontact-inducedchange.Forreviewsofmuchofthis literature, readers are referred to the relevant chapters of the present volume. Herewesimplylistsomekeyworksforeaseofreferenceinthefollowing(non- comprehensive)bibliography,organizedbylinguisticvariety. 2

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