Anabolic steroids: and other performance-enhancing drugs

157 Pages·2003·1.38 MB·English

by  Patrick Lenehan

A
NABOLIC
S
TEROIDS
H
A S
NABOLIC TEROIDS
AND OTHER
-
PERFORMANCE

ENHANCING DRUGS
P L
AT ENEHAN
First published 2003 by Taylor & Francis
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Taylor & Francis Inc,
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001
Taylor & Francis is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2004.
© 2003 Taylor & Francis
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any
form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system,
without permission in writing from the publishers.
Every effort has been made to ensure that the advice and information in this book is
true and accurate at the time of going to press. However, neither the publisher nor the
authors can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that
may be made. In the case of drug administration, any medical procedure or the use
of technical equipment mentioned within this book, you are strongly advised to consult
the manufacturer’s guidelines.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalogue entry has been requested
ISBN 0-203-63453-5 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-203-63779-8 (Adobe eReader Format)
ISBN 0-415-28029-X (hbk)
ISBN 0-415-28030-3 (pbk)
To
Mum, Di and Marian
for everything
I have been very fortunate in meeting a number of people who have been
incredibly supportive of my professional endeavours over the years; some
have become very good friends. The list is very long but in particular
I would like to thank Jim, Rod, Mark, Pirkko, Pat, Bruce, Clive, Steve,
Iain, Brendan, Howard, Stuart and Ian.
H
Contents
CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1
1.1 What are anabolic steroids? 2
1.2 Why a book about anabolic steroids? 2
CHAPTER 2 Social history of anabolic
steroids 4
2.1 Early discoveries of the anabolic and
androgenic properties of testosterone 4
2.2 Effects of testicular extract (testosterone)
and related substances upon humans 5
2.3 Early uses of testosterone and its
derivatives 6
2.4 The use of testosterone and anabolic
steroids for ergogenic purposes 7
2.5 The use of anabolic steroids in sports 9
2.6 The non-competitive use of anabolic
steroids 10
2.7 Prevalence studies 12
2.8 Needle and syringe exchange figures for
prevalence of AS use 21
2.9 Social implications of the psychological
effects of AS use 23
2.10 Current therapeutic applications of
anabolic steroids 25
viii Contents
2.11 Legal status of anabolic steroids 27
2.12 Anabolic steroids: a social problem? 27
CHAPTER 3 The medical aspects of
AS misuse 31
3.1 Myocardial hypertrophy and
cardiomyopathy 32
3.2 Myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular
accidents 33
3.3 Blood pressure 35
3.4 Liver function 36
3.5 Lipid profiles 37
3.6 Embolism 38
3.7 Hormones 39
3.8 Thyroid 40
3.9 Genito-urinary conditions 40
3.10 Sexual behaviour 42
3.11 Changes in metabolism 43
3.12 Dermatology 43
3.13 Immunity 44
3.14 Infections 45
3.15 Musculoskeletal problems 47
3.16 Injecting problems 48
3.17 Women’s health 48
3.18 Adolescence 50
3.19 Psychological effects 51
3.20 Medical uses 57
3.21 General practitioner surveys 58
CHAPTER 4 A sporting perspective 60
4.1 Performance enhancement through history 60
4.2 Anabolic steroids 63
4.3 The response of sport 66
4.4 Eastern European doping ‘regimes’ 70
4.5 Tour de France 1998 70
Contents ix
4.6 Nandrolone 71
4.7 Doping outside of the Olympics 72
4.8 The future 73
4.9 The IOC prohibited substance list 74
4.10 World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) 90
4.11 Summary 90
CHAPTER 5 Regimes, counterfeits and
profiles 92
5.1 Cost 93
5.2 Counterfeits and fakes 94
5.3 Drugs other than anabolic steroids 95
5.4 Drug profiles 99
REFERENCES 116
INDEX 137