An Historian's Life: Max Crawford and the Politics of Academic Freedom (Academic Monographs) PDF
Preview An Historian's Life: Max Crawford and the Politics of Academic Freedom (Academic Monographs)
An Historian’s Life For Alex An Historian’s Life Max Crawford and the Politics of Academic Freedom Fay Anderson MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY PRESS An imprint of Melbourne University Publishing Ltd (MUP Ltd) 187 Grattan Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia [email protected] www.mup.com.au First published 2005 Text © Fay Anderson, 2005 Illustrations © Belong to the individual copyright holder as acknowledged in the text. Design and typography © Melbourne University Publishing Ltd 2005 This book is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means or process whatsoever without the prior written permission of the publishers. Designed by Phil Campbell Typeset in Utopia by J&M Typesetting Printed by University of Melbourne Design & Print Centre National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Anderson, Fay. An historian’s life : Max Crawford and the politics of academic freedom. Includes index. ISBN 0 522 85153 3. (paperback) ISBN 0 522 85154 1. (e-book) 1. Crawford, R. M. (Raymond Maxwell), 1906-1991. 2. University of Melbourne. Dept. of History - Employees - Biography. 3. Historians - Australia - Biography. 4. Academic freedom - Australia. 5. History - Study and teaching (Higher) - Victoria - Melbourne. 6. Liberalism - Australia. I. Title. 994.0072 Contents Introduction 1 1. Origins and Influences 15 2. ‘Forward the Professors’ 53 3. War and Diplomacy 101 4. Brave New World 153 5. Academic Freedom and the Australian Story 217 6. ‘Things Will Never Be the Same’ 278 7. ‘Into the Night’ 321 Conclusion 366 Bibliography 375 Index 388 vii List of abbreviations ABC Australian Broadcasting Commission ACCL Australian Council of Civil Liberties AIF Australian Imperial Force ADB Australian Dictionary of Biography ANU Australian National University ASIO Australian Security Intelligence Organisation CPA Communist Party of Australia FAUSA Federation of Australian University Staff Associations MI5 Military Intelligence Service, section 5 MUSA Melbourne University Staff Association MUP Melbourne University Press NAA National Archives of Australia NLA National Library of Australia SRC Students Representative Council UMA University of Melbourne Archives VOKS All Union Association for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries WEA Workers Educational Association viii Acknowledgements There are many people to thank for assisting and inspiring me in this endeavour. They include: Liz Agostino, Perrie Ballantyne, Tony Birch, Andy Brown-May, Robert Dare, Don Garden, June Factor, Barbara Falk, Patricia Grimshaw, Ken Inglis, Jamie Mackie, Janet McCalman, Peter McPhee, Carolyn Rasmussen, Ron Ridley, Richard Selleck, Ann Standish, Richard Trembath, Graham Willett, Sara Wills and Bart Ziino. Colleagues in the History Department and Australian Centre have generously commented on my work in progress and provided guidance. My particular thanks to Stuart Macintyre who was a great supervisor and continues to offer advice and encouragement. Thank you also to the Director of the Centre, Kate Darian-Smith for pro- viding me with the support and time to see the work to completion and Roger Averill who emphasised the book’s contradictions and flaws, with humour. I am also indebted to the many people who granted me inter- views: the late Clem Christesen, the late Nina Christesen, the late Dymphna Clark, the late Lloyd Churchward, Ken Crawford, the late Lloyd Evans, Sheila Fitzpatrick, Frank Ford, Betty Hayes, Donald Horne, Laurie O’Brien, June Phillip, John Poynter, the late Geoffrey Serle, Geoffrey Sharp, Nonie Sharp, Barry Smith, Valerie Tarrant, Arthur Turner and Cynthia Turner. My sincere gratitude goes to Ian Crawford and Margaret Cheshire who allowed me to intrude in their lives, generously offering important information and correcting the inconsistencies in my work. Over many years the staff at the National Library of Australia and the National Archives of Australia have been most helpful. I am particularly grateful to the University of Melbourne Archives for pro- viding me with advice and access to their collections. Special thanks go to past and present staff members, most notably Cecily Close, Sue Fairbanks, Michael Piggott, Mark Richmond and Jason Benjamin. The staff at Melbourne University Publishing have been wonderful. Thank you to the publisher Louise Adler, Amanda Finnis, Nathan Katz and Monica Dux, who is always so encouraging. To Sue Lake, Deanne McLaren and the ‘Gin Club’ for their unerring patience and understanding when I have been distracted, exhausted and simply annoying. Final thanks I owe to my parents, and Alex who has lived with this research for much of his life. ix x
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