Alkaloids : biosynthesis, biological roles and health benefits

285 Pages·2015·8.819 MB·English

BIOCHEMISTRY RESEARCH TRENDS

A
LKALOIDS

B , B R
IOSYNTHESIS IOLOGICAL OLES
H B
AND EALTH ENEFITS

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B R T
IOCHEMISTRY ESEARCH RENDS

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BIOCHEMISTRY RESEARCH TRENDS

A
LKALOIDS

B , B R
IOSYNTHESIS IOLOGICAL OLES
H B
AND EALTH ENEFITS

EDUARDO SOBARZO-SÁNCHEZ
EDITOR

New York
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CONTENTS

Preface vii
Chapter 1 Targeting Mitochondrial Bioenergetics of Cancer Cells
with Alkaloids: Mechanisms and Anti-Cancer Strategies 1
Félix A. Urra and Ramiro Araya-Maturana
Chapter 2 Boldine As Antioxidant: From Farm to Pharmacy 37
Seyed Fazel Nabavi, Maria Daglia,
Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
and Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
Chapter 3 Biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids: A Biochemical Outlook 53
Aparna Singh and Isabel Desgagné-Penix
Chapter 4 Marine Brominated Alkaloids: Isolation, Biosynthesis,
Biological Activity and Synthesis 77
Saeed Ahmad and Faiz Ahmed Khan
Chapter 5 Erythrina Alkaloids: Recent Advances in their Synthesis,
Isolation and Pharmacology 107
Olimpo García-Beltrán
and Miguel Moreno-Palacios
Chapter 6 Biotechnological Approaches for the Improvement in the
Production of Tropane Alkaloids: Implications
and Medicinal Applications 131
Alejandra B. Cardillo, Julián Rodríguez Talou
and Ana María Giulietti
Chapter 7 Bioactive Alkaloids of Marine Origin 155
Anna Aiello, Concetta Imperatore,
Filomena D’Aniello and Marialuisa Menna
Chapter 8 Trabectedin: A Marine Alkaloid with Anticancer Effects
against Ovarian Cancer 217
Seyed Fazel Nabavi, Maria Daglia,
Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez and Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
vi Contents
Chapter 9 Oxoisoaporphines As Medical Tool: In Treatment of
Antineoplastic Diseases and Mental Disorders 231
Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez, Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
and Eugenio Uriarte Villares
Chapter 10 Daphniphyllum Alkaloids 247
Haifeng Wu, Xiaopo Zhang, Lisheng Ding,
Shilin Chen and Xudong Xu
About the Editor 271
Index 273
PREFACE

This book discusses a group of natural compound s that is referred to in many
bibliographic references for its multiple medical and therapeutic applications, which have
been carried out by civilizations in the past and continue to be used in the present. Thus, the
alkaloids have been isolated from marine and terrestrial sources and human beings have had
the aptitude to determine the chemical structure of many derivatives of simple and big
complexity as well as observing the biological effects of every compound in the living
organism. Different natural sources as well as the synthesis of many alkaloids of big
therapeutic activity have been the basis for the hundreds of drugs that are applied successfully
in the scope of the health and combating diverse diseases. Alkaloids ‟ low cytotoxicity in
many cases and versatility in transforming into stable salt have generated diverse drugs of
easy administration in the organism without the side effects associated with the ingestion of
organic and inorganic salt of difficult tolerance.
In this sense, this contribution covers several chapters which include: mechanisms and
strategies against cancer, wherein certain types of alkaloid take control of important and
selective form; the use of boldine as the alkaloid of current reference in the traditional
medicine and used actively as natural antioxidant; alkaloids from vegetable origin as coming
from the Amaryllidaceae; curious brominated alkaloids from marine sources between several
outstanding examples; alkaloids derived from the Erythrina including the synthesis and
pharmacological applications; the technological approaches of some derivatives originated
from Tropane; an interesting contribution of the application of Trabectedin as alkaloid of
clinical use in the treatment of ovarian cancer; the mention of a small group of alkaloids
called oxoisoaporphines as the big medical tool in the treatment of mental disorder s such as
depression; and finally a complete review on the Daphniphyllum alkaloids.
This complete review of chapters that includes diverse nitrogenated compounds such as
marine and terrestrial alkaloids that cover the future development of new vaccines as well as
the clinical treatment of diseases of diverse nature, will help us to know and understand the
importance and amplitude of the alkaloids and their role in our lives. The challenges that they
generate towards the future, principally in the feeding and in the scope of the health will be
mentioned and discussed in each chapter.