Advances in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration: Select Proceedings of RAAR 2019

434 Pages·2021·20.921 MB·English

by  Maddali Ramgopal, Sachindra Kumar Rout, Sunil Kr Sarangi

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering
Maddali Ramgopal
Sachindra Kumar Rout
Sunil Kr Sarangi   Editors
Advances in Air
Conditioning and
Refrigeration
Select Proceedings of RAAR 2019
Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering
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Maddali Ramgopal Sachindra Kumar Rout
(cid:129) (cid:129)
Sunil Kr Sarangi
Editors
Advances in Air
Conditioning
and Refrigeration
Select Proceedings of RAAR 2019
123
Editors
Maddali Ramgopal Sachindra KumarRout
MechanicalEngineering Department MechanicalEngineering Department
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur C. V.RamanCollegeof Engineering
Kharagpur, India Bhubaneswar, India
Sunil KrSarangi
Schoolof MechanicalSciences
Indian Institute of Technology
Bhubaneswar, India
ISSN 2195-4356 ISSN 2195-4364 (electronic)
Lecture Notesin MechanicalEngineering
ISBN978-981-15-6359-1 ISBN978-981-15-6360-7 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6360-7
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Preface
Theimportanceofrefrigerationandairconditioninginmoderneconomieshasbeen
well recognized. It is becoming even more important as more and more countries
located in tropical and subtropical regions of the globe are growing in industrial
activity and social prosperity. The International Energy Agency has observed that
the sale of home air conditioners will grow by about 10% each year till 2030, and
that,itwillleadtoincreaseinpowerdemandto(asyet)unthinkablelevels.Unless
theefficiencyofR&ACmachineryisincreasedtomuchhigherlevels,acoldcrunch
will be inevitable. Thus, the primary target before the research community is to
invent technologies that offer far higher overall thermodynamic efficiency than is
possible today. Air conditioners are energy-intensive equipment. They not only
consume scarce energy of our world, but also cause environmental pollution
through the power stations. Efficient cooling machines, better building insulation
and smarter building management will not only save on electricity, but will also
lead to a proportionate reduction in environmental pollution. The key to such
enhancement of energy efficiency and accompanying environmental benefits is in
training, education and research.
While domestic, institutional, commercial and industrial air conditioning con-
stitutes the most important application of moderately low temperature, the mobile
sector of the economy is no less important. Automobile air conditioning, trains,
planes, ships and submarines not only consume a sizable fraction of our
air-conditioning effort, but also pose different challenges to the designer and the
manufacturer.Onceagain,trainedhumanresource—thethinkingminds—holdsthe
keytosuccess.Airconditioningmeanscontrolofthreemajorqualityparameters—
temperature, humidity and air quality. While the former two have been studied
extensivelyoverafullcentury,appreciationforthelastitem,i.e.indoorairquality,
has come during the past one or two decades. Instrumentation is expensive, stan-
dardization is difficult, and health risks are hard to quantify. The topic is of much
current interest.
Apart from air conditioning, refrigeration at temperatures close to ice tempera-
ture, higher and lower, offers immense industrial and commercial benefits.
Processing of meat, poultry, fish and shell fish, milk and milk products require an
v
vi Preface
unbroken cold chain from the factory/diary/ocean to the kitchen. Vegetables need
cold stores, particularly in poor tropical countries. Many industrial processes are
assisted by specified temperature and humidity conditions. The appropriate tech-
nology of such refrigeration is varied, product and process dependent, and often
quite different from those most appropriate to air conditioning.
The R&AC industry went through a major epoch at the end of the last century,
when scientists identified the ozone-depleting potential of the then popular CFC
refrigerants. Massive global research efforts have gone to find alternatives to CFC
refrigerants, evolving through HCFCs, HFCs, olefins, plain hydrocarbons, inor-
ganic fluids and their mixtures. Besides ozone-depleting potential, scientists are
now examining global warming potential of refrigerants. In addition, normal
engineeringconcernssuchasoperatingpressuresundervariousambientandtarget
temperatures, chemical stability, miscibility with lubricating oils, toxicity,
flammability, hygroscopicity, stability and cost are being freshly examined.
Generation of such massive amount of data needs experimental facilities, com-
puting capabilities, and the most important of all, human resource.
While climate control (temperature, humidity and air quality)—domestic, insti-
tutional, industrial, and commercial—continues to be the dominant application of
low-temperature technology, other applications of refrigeration are also increasing
at a rapid pace. Food cooling and transportation—cold stores, supermarkets,
transport vehicles, shipping, and export—are becoming increasingly important in
every developing country. In addition, several important industrial processes, e.g.
cryogenics and superconductivity, pharmaceuticals, and fine chemicals, often need
refrigeration as an intermediate process step.
Equipmentforairconditioningandrefrigerationhasbeenevolvingoverseveral
decades. New technologies like scroll compressors, plate heat exchangers, elec-
troniccontrols,variablefrequencydrives,intelligentbuildingmanagement,andIoT
havebeenmajordisruptivetechnologiesinthefieldofR&AC.Theuseofadditive
manufacturing and precision engineering, integration with renewable energy
sources, remote operation through use of information and communication tech-
nology, and optimization of operating conditions through soft computing tech-
niques are some examples of product and performance improvement through the
application of new knowledge. Once again, proper human resource is the key to
success.
Human resource is important for executing new projects and mass manufac-
turingexistingproducts.Itisevenmoreimportantfordiscoveringnewphenomena
andinventingnewproductsandnewprocesses.Thisnewknowledgeiscreatednot
onlyincollegeclassroomsanduniversitylaboratories,butalsothroughformaland
informal sharing of knowledge in seminars and conferences, in oral and poster
presentations. The International Conference on Recent Advancement in Air
Conditioningand Refrigeration(RAAR-2019)hostedbytheC.V.Raman College
ofEngineering, Bhubaneswar,from 28 to31 November 2019was one suchevent,
now in its second edition. The conference acted as a trigger for discussion on
various topics among scientists, professors, engineers and students distributed
across age and generation bands as well as across varied experience levels. The
Preface vii
proceedings archives the accumulated knowledge and will help share it among
those who did not attend the conference for various reasons.
It has been our singular pleasure to organize the administration of the paper
collectionandreviewprocess,toeditthefinalcontentsandputuptothepublishers
for bringing out the book. We hope that this volume will find a place among the
leadinguniversityandcollegelibrariesoftheworld.Beforeclosing,wewouldlike
torecordourgratitudetotheBijuPatnaikUniversityofTechnology,Rourkela,for
supporting the conference under its TEQIP-III project and to M/s Springer
Publications for bringing out the proceedings.
Kharagpur, India Maddali Ramgopal
Bhubaneswar, India Sachindra Kumar Rout
Bhubaneswar, India Sunil Kr Sarangi
February 2020
Contents
Modelling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Thermal Cooling System
Using Different Types of Nanofluids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Sanjeev Jakhar, Mukul Kant Paliwal, and Atul Kumar
ProspectofaFullySolarEnergy-DrivenCompactColdStoreforLow
Income Farming Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Sachindra Kumar Rout, Madhu Kalyan Reddy Pulagam,
and Sunil Kr Sarangi
Enhancement of Cooling Rate Using Biodegradable MgO
Nanoparticles During a Cryopreservation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Siladitya Sukumar and Satya Prakash Kar
Studies on Performance Improvement of an R744 Transcritical
Refrigeration System Using Dedicated Mechanical Subcooling. . . . . . . . 33
Mihir MouchumHazarika,Maddali Ramgopal,andSouvikBhattacharyya
ExperimentalInvestigationofParabolicTrough-TypeSolarCollector
Integrated with Storage Tank Under the Northern Indian Climatic
Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Devander Kumar and Sudhir Kumar
Numerical Simulation of an Inertance Pulse Tube Refrigerator
Using a Mixture of Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Debashis Panda, M. Kumar, A. K. Satapathy, and Sunil Kr Sarangi
Structural and Thermal Analysis of Cold-Head Cylinder
of a GM Cryocooler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Debashis Panda, A. K. Satapathy, Sunil Kr Sarangi, and Ranjit K. Sahoo
CFD Analysis to Envisage the Fluid Flow Inside a Turboexpander
Operating at Cryogenic Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Manoj Kumar, Ranjit K. Sahoo, Debashis Panda, and Suraj Kr Behera
ix
x Contents
Analysis of Thermal Efficiency of Solar Flat Plate Collector Using
Twisted Tape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Arun K. Behura, Ashwini Kumar, V. C. Todkari, Gaurav Dwivedi,
and Hemant K. Gupta
Performance Enhancement of Domestic Refrigeration System Using
R-134a Refrigerant Blended with Graphene as Nano Additives. . . . . . . 99
Amar Kumar Das and Ritesh Mohanty
Capillary Tube Flow Characterization of a Transcritical CO Cycle
2
Using Separated Two-Phase Flow Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Abhijit Date and Neeraj Agrawal
Experimental Study of the Effect of Al O Nanoparticles
2 3
on the Profitability of a Single-Slope Solar Still: Application
in Southeast of Algeria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Mohammed El Hadi Attia, Ahmed Kadhim Hussein,
Sachindra Kumar Rout, Jihen Soli, Elimame Elaloui, Zied Driss,
Mebrouk Ghougali, Lioua Kolsi, and Ramesh Chand
Heat Transfer in Triple-Concentric-Pipe Heat Exchanger:
With/Without Corrugations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
S. Beura, V. P. Mishra, S. N. Das, U. K. Mohanty, M. Mohapatra,
and D. N. Thatoi
Experimental Analysis on Home-Made Thermal Insulating
Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Ankita Ghosh, Amit Kumar Basu, and Siba Padarbinda Behera
Comparative Study of Positioning of Air Conditioner in a Room
Using CFD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Manoj Kumar Gopaliya, Madhu Kalyan Reddy Pulagam,
and Neha Kumari
Experimental Study on an Inclined Pyramid-Type Single Basin Solar
Pond for Water Distillation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Dibya Padhi and S. Kumar
Development of Indigenous Technology for Large Cooling Capacity
GM Cryorefrigerator for Application to High Tc Superconducting
Magnets—Prospects and Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Sachindra Kumar Rout, Balaji Kumar Choudhury, Suraj Kr Behera,
and Sunil Kr Sarangi
Numerical Investigation of a Shell and Coil Tube Heat Exchanger
used in Solar Domestic Hot Water System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Ashutosh Rout, Taraprasad Mohapatra, Sachindra Kumar Rout,
and Dillip Kumar Biswal