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Advanced Polymer Concretes and Compounds PDF

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Advanced Polymer Concretes and Compounds Advanced Polymer Concretes and Compounds Oleg Figovsky Dmitry Beilin Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2014 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20131029 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-9034-2 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information stor- age or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copy- right.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that pro- vides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a pho- tocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Foreword ...................................................................................................................xi Preface....................................................................................................................xiii About the Authors ..................................................................................................xvii Acknowledgments ...................................................................................................xix Chapter 1 State of the Art in Polymer Concrete ...................................................1 Nature of Polymer Concrete .................................................................1 Composition of Polymer Concretes ......................................................2 Types of Polymer Concretes .................................................................4 Epoxy Polymer Concrete .................................................................5 Carbamide Polymer Concrete .........................................................5 Acryl Polymer Concrete ..................................................................6 Furan Polymer Concrete ..................................................................6 Polyester Polymer Concrete .............................................................7 Other Types of Polymer Concrete ...................................................7 Physical–Mechanical Properties of Polymer Concrete ........................7 Corrosion Resistance of Polymer Concretes ...................................9 Water Resistance of Polymer Concretes ........................................11 Furfurol–Acetone Polymer Concrete ............................................11 Epoxy and Polyester Polymer Concrete ........................................16 Rubber Polymer Concrete (RubCon) .............................................17 Intended Use of Polymer Concretes ...................................................18 Advanced Polymer Concretes Based on Novel Binders .....................20 Rubber Concrete with Vulcanized Polybutadiene Binder .............20 Polymer Concrete Based on an Organosilicate Matrix .................21 References ..........................................................................................21 Chapter 2 Polymer Concrete Based on a Vulcanized Polybutadiene Matrix .....23 Structure of RubCon ..........................................................................23 Selection of the Polymer Part ........................................................23 Optimization of Rubber Binder Viscosity .....................................26 Estimation of Optimal Rubber Content .........................................27 Choice of Hardening Agent for Rubber Matrix ............................28 Planning of Activator and Calcium-Containing Components of the Composition Rubber Matrix–RubCon ................................30 Optimization of the Rubber Matrix Composition: RubCon for Strength ....................................................................................31 Physical–Mechanical Properties of RubCon ......................................32 Stress–Strain Relationship at Central Uniaxial Compression .......32 v vi Contents Temperature Effect ........................................................................33 Thermomechanical Destruction of RubCon .............................35 Summary .......................................................................................39 Strength of Reinforced RubCon .........................................................39 Combined Reinforcement and Polymer Concrete Matrix .............39 Coefficient of Thermal Linear Expansion of RubCon ..................39 Shrinkage Stress of the RubCon Matrix .......................................40 Mechanical Bond and Adhesion between Steel Reinforcement and the RubCon Matrix ........................................42 Load-Carrying Capacity at Eccentric Compression Load ............44 Shear Stress and Crack Formation at Bend ...................................48 Load-Carrying Capacity of RubCon Beams at Bend in the Transverse Forces Zone ............................................................48 Phenomenological Model of Inclined Crack Formation and Destruction of RubCon ......................................................52 Fiber-Reinforced RubCon .............................................................54 Influence of Particle Size of Coarse Aggregates and Reinforcement Ratio of Fibrous RubCon Strength .......................55 Strength of Fibrous RubCon with Various Kinds of Fibers ..........59 Summary .......................................................................................62 RubCon Creep ....................................................................................63 RubCon Sample Materials .............................................................63 Creep Deformation of Plain RubCon at Long-Term Compressive Load .........................................................................63 Creep Deformation of Plain RubCon with a Combination of Long-Term Compressive Loading and an Aggressive Environment ..................................................................................71 Creep Deformation of Fibrous RubCon at Long-Term Compressive Load .........................................................................73 Summary .......................................................................................77 Chemical Resistance of RubCon ........................................................77 Coefficient of Chemical Resistance of RubCon ............................78 Corrosive Environment Influence on Concrete with a Polybutadiene Matrix..................................................................80 Temperature Influence on Chemical Resistance of RubCon .........81 Forecast of Chemical Resistance Coefficient ................................81 Enhancement of Chemical Resistance of RubCon ........................82 Chemical Resistance of Steel Fiber–Reinforced RubCon .............86 Effect of γ-Radiation on the Structure and Properties of RubCon γ-Radiation Shielding ......................................................90 Radioactive Resistance of RubCon ...............................................92 Effect of γ-Radiation on Mechanical and Chemical Properties of RubCon ....................................................................94 Summary .......................................................................................98 Manufacturing Process of RubCon Structures and Products ............99 Technological Manufacturing of RubCon .....................................99 Contents vii RubCon Mixture Agitation Process ............................................101 Influence of Temperature on RubCon Binder Hardening and Ways to Reduce It ........................................................................105 Method of Thermal Treatment of a Protective Covering Based on Liquid Polybutadiene Binder by Electric Curing ........................108 Summary .....................................................................................113 Production Technology of Fiber-Reinforced RubCon ......................114 Field of Application of RubCon .......................................................117 References ........................................................................................120 Chapter 3 Polymer Concrete Based on an Organo–Silicate Matrix .................123 Optimal Composition of Silicate Polymer Concrete ........................124 Influence of Liquid Glass and Monomeric Additive Content on SPC Fluidity, Harshness, Workability, and Strength..............124 Optimization of SPC Composition ..............................................125 Chemical Resistance and Durability of Silicate Polymer Concrete .......................................................................................128 Filtration Permeability ............................................................128 Diffusive Penetration ..............................................................129 Influence of Monomeric Additives on Chemical Resistance of SPC Compositions ............................................130 Chemical Resistance of SPC in a Faintly Acid Environment .........................................................................131 Adhesion Strength of Joints of Precast Silicate Polymer Concrete Structural Members .....................................................132 New Adhesive Composition for Joint Grouting of Load-Bearing Prefabricated SPS Structures ......132 Experimental Study and Discussion of Results ......................134 Fracture and Crack Resistance of Silicate Polymer Concrete .....139 Crack Formation and Fracture of a Material in Terms of Fracture Mechanics ................................................................139 Experimental Research Methods and Machinery of Crack Resistance of Concrete ...........................................................143 Origin and Development of Cracks in Silicate Polymer Concrete ..................................................................................143 Summary .....................................................................................148 References ........................................................................................149 Chapter 4 Nonisocyanate Polyurethanes Based on Cyclic Carbonates ............151 Polyhydroxyurethanes and Hybrid Nonisocyanate Polyurethanes ......153 Methods of Polycyclic Carbonate Oligomer Synthesis ...............153 Applications of Unsaturated Cyclic Carbonate ...........................154 Hydroxyurethane Modifiers .............................................................158 Synthesis of Hydroxyalkyl Urethane Modifiers ..........................158 viii Contents Hydroxyurethane Compounds from Renewable Plant-Based Raw Materials ..............................................................................160 Silicon-Containing and Nanostructured Hydroxyurethane Compounds .......................................................................................163 Sprayable Foam ...........................................................................165 UV-Curable HNIPU Floorings and Coatings .............................166 Nonisocyanate Polyurethanes for Use in Monolithic Industrial Floor Coverings and Coatings ....................................167 New High-Quality Monolithic Flooring .....................................170 Testing Methods and Procedures for Industrial Floors ...............171 References ........................................................................................176 ASTM Standards Cited in Chapter 4 ...............................................178 Chapter 5 Crack-Resistant and Anticorrosive Coatings Based on Vulcanized Water Dispersion of Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene ....179 Introduction ......................................................................................179 Coating Composition ........................................................................180 Physical–Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of the Vulcanized CSPE Coating .........................................................182 Physical–Mechanical Characteristics ..........................................182 Resistance to UV Radiation ........................................................185 Dielectric Characteristics ............................................................186 Corrosion Resistance ...................................................................186 Application of CSPE Coating for Forming Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures .......................................................188 Phenomenological Model of Crack-Resistant Coatings for Concrete Substrates ..........................................................................190 Summary ..........................................................................................194 References ........................................................................................194 ASTM Standards Cited in Chapter 5 ...............................................195 Chapter 6 Epoxy–Rubber Coatings with Nano-Heterogenic Structure ............197 Structure and Properties of Advanced Epoxy–Rubber Composition .....................................................................................197 Repair and Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Structures by Epoxy–Rubber Coatings ...................................................................202 Influence of Epoxy–Rubber Coating on the Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams at Bend ...........................................203 Influence of Epoxy–Rubber Coating on Deformability of Reinforced Concrete Beams at Bend ...........................................207 Summary ..........................................................................................213 References ........................................................................................214 Contents ix Chapter 7 Nanostructured Binder for Acid-Resistant Building Materials........217 Composition of the Novel Nanostructured Binder ...........................217 Summary ..........................................................................................223 References ........................................................................................223 Chapter 8 Waterborne Fire-Protective and Heat-Stability Coating Compositions ....................................................................................225 Coating Compositions ......................................................................225 Physical–Mechanical Properties of the New Fire-Protective and Heat-Insulating Coating Compositions ............................................227 Fire-Protective Coating for Wood Substrates ..............................227 Fire-Protective Coating for Extruded Foam Polystyrene ............230 Heat-Insulating Coating for Steel Substrate ................................231 Moisture Resistance of Fire-Protective and Heat-Insulating Coatings for Outdoor Application ...............................................232 Adhesion Resistance of Fire-Protective and Heat-Insulating Coatings .......................................................................................232 Summary ..........................................................................................233 References ........................................................................................233 ASTM Standards Cited in Chapter 8 ...............................................234 Terms.....................................................................................................................235 Index ......................................................................................................................237

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