Abnormal Psychology

762 Pages·2013·66.158 MB·English

by  Gerald C. Davison, Kirk R. Blankstein, Gordon L. Flett, John M. Neale

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abnormal
FIFTH CANADIAN EDITION
PSYCHOLOGY
GERALD C. DAVISON
University of Southern California
KIRK R. BLANKSTEIN
University of Toronto (Emeritus)
GORDON L. FLETT
York University
JOHN M. NEALE
State University of New York at Stony Brook (Emeritus)
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Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication
Davison, Gerald C., author
Abnormal psychology / Gerald C. Davison, Kirk R. Blankstein,
Gordon L. Flett, John M. Neale.—Fifth Canadian edition.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-118-76481-7 (bound)
1. Psychology, Pathological—Textbooks. I. Title.
RC454.A255 2013 616.89 C2013-906948-8
Printing and binding: Courier Ltd.
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Dedicated from Gordon Flett to
Kathy, Hayley, and Alison
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS
KIRK R. BLANKSTEIN faculty who have set “themselves apart through innovation in
is Professor Emeritus teaching and commitment to conveying the excitement and
of Psychology at the importance of research to undergraduate and graduate stu-
University of Toronto dents.” After 39 years at UTM, Professor Blankstein retired in
Mississauga (UTM). He June 2009 to devote more time to family and friends.
received his Honours B.A.
from McMaster University GORDON L. FLETT is a
and M.A. and Ph.D. in Professor of Psychology at
Clinical Psychology from York University in Toronto.
the University of Waterloo. He has served as Associate
He completed his clin- Dean of Research and
ical internship at Duke Graduate Education in York’s
University Medical Center Faculty of Health and as
in 1970 following a period as Director of Undergraduate
a Research Associate at the Institute of Psychiatry in London, Studies in the Department
England. One of his passions has been teaching undergradu- of Psychology at York
ate students and training future psychologists. University. He received
Professor Blankstein is a past recipient of the UTM the Outstanding Teaching
Teaching Excellence Award. In 2003 he was recognized as Award from the Faculty of
an Exceptional Teacher in celebration of “175 Years of Great Arts at York University in
Teaching” at the University of Toronto. In 2007, he received 1993 and again in 1997.
the inaugural Leadership in Faculty Teaching Award from the Dr. Flett has taught courses in abnormal psychology, intro-
Government of Ontario awarded to “faculty who infl uence, duction to personality, and personality theory and behavioural
motivate and inspire students and demonstrate leadership in disorders at the undergraduate level, as well as courses in per-
teaching methods for the diverse student body.” Many of his sonality theory and research and in the self-concept at the
students have gone on to distinguished careers as professional graduate level. He received his B.Sc., M.A., and Ph.D. from the
psychologists, physicians, social workers, lawyers, criminolo- University of Toronto, and he began his appointment at York
gists, a High Commissioner, and an Ontario court judge. University in 1987.
Professor Blankstein’s research focuses on the psycho- In 1996, Dr. Flett was recognized by the American
logical problems of young people, especially anxiety, depres- Psychological Society as one of the top 25 scholars in psy-
sion, somatic distress, and poor academic performance. He chology, based on the number of publications over a fi ve-year
has conducted research in diverse areas, including early work period. In 1999, he received the Dean’s Award for Outstanding
on the applications of biofeedback, and the assessment and Research from the Faculty of Arts at York University. In 2004,
treatment of test anxiety. A major focus of current research Dr. Flett was awarded a Tier I Canada Research Chair in
is on factors (such as stress, coping, and social support) that Personality and Health which he currently holds and in 2007,
mediate and moderate the link between cognitive-personality he was nominated and made a Fellow of the Association for
vulnerability factors (such as self-critical perfectionism) and Psychological Science in recognition of his “distinguished con-
negative adaptational outcomes. He recently developed two tributions to psychological science.”
new measures of the key maladaptive aspects of perfection- His research interests include the role of personality fac-
ism that are employed in treatment studies with anxiety and tors in depression, as well as the continuity of depression, and
mood disorder clients (e.g., International Journal of Cognitive the interpersonal aspects of anxiety. Dr. Flett is a member of
Therapy, 2011). Besides his many journal articles and invited York’s LaMarsh Centre for Child and Youth Research and he
chapters, Professor Blankstein co-edited a series of volumes is extensively involved in raising awareness about the men-
on communication and aff ect. He serves as a regular reviewer tal health problems of children and adolescents, including
for numerous professional journals. serving as one of the guest editors of a 2013 special issue of
In 2005, Professor Blankstein received the prestigious the Canadian Journal of School Psychology focused on the role
Northrop Frye Award in recognition of his contributions to of schools in a new mental health strategy. One of his cur-
the integration of teaching and research. Th e award recognizes rent projects is a collaborative venture with the York Region
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vi | About the Authors
District School Board funded by the Ontario Ministry of GERALD C. DAVISON is Professor of Psychology at the
Education that is focused on increasing resilience among chil- University of Southern California (USC). Previously he was
dren and youth.  Professor and Chair of the Department of Psychology at USC
Dr. Flett is perhaps most recognized for his seminal con- and served also as Director of Clinical Training. He recently
tributions to research and theory on the role of perfection- served as Dean of the USC Davis School of Gerontology.
ism in psychopathology. His collaborative work with Dr. Paul He earned his B.A. in social relations from Harvard and his
Hewitt (University of British Columbia) has helped establish Ph.D. in psychology from Stanford. He is a Fellow of the
that perfectionism is multidimensional with salient inter- American Psychological Association, a Charter Fellow of the
personal components that contribute to personal and inter- Association for Psychological Science, and a Distinguished
personal maladjustment. Th eir work on perfectionism has Founding Fellow of the Academy of Cognitive Th erapy.
received international attention and has been the subject of Among his other honours are the USC Associates Award
numerous media stories, including coverage on CTV, CNN, for Excellence in Teaching, and the Outstanding Educator
and the BBC. Award and the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Association
Dr. Flett has published over 200 journal articles and chap- for Behavioral and Cognitive Th erapies. Among his more
ters as well as collaborating on the fi rst academic book on per- than 150 publications is his book Clinical Behavior Therapy,
fectionism, published in 2002. In 2007, he authored the book co-authored in 1976 with Marvin Goldfried and reissued in
Personality Theory and Research: An International Perspective, expanded form in 1994. It is one of two publications that have
which is also published by John Wiley & Sons Canada. His been recognized as Citation Classics by the Social Sciences
work with Dr. Hewitt on perfectionism has led to the cre- Citation Index. He is also on the editorial board of several pro-
ation of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Child- fessional journals. His research has emphasized experimental
Adolescent Perfectionism Scale, the Perfectionism Cognitions and philosophical analyses of psychopathology, assessment,
Inventory, and the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale. therapeutic change, and the relationships between cognition
Dr. Flett is also the co-creator of the Endler Multidimensional and a variety of behavioural and emotional problems via his
Anxiety Scales (EMAS)—Social Anxiety Scales. He has also articulated thoughts in simulated situations paradigm.
worked extensively with Dr. Marnin Heisel on the devel-
opment of the Geriatric Suicide Ideation Scale and related JOHN M. NEALE was Professor of Psychology at the State
research. Dr. Flett has also served as guest editor on four spe- University of New York at Stony Brook, retiring in 2000. He
cial issues on perfectionism for the Journal of Rational-Emotive received his B.A. from the University of Toronto and his M.A.
& Cognitive-Behavior Therapy and an upcoming special issue on and Ph.D. from Vanderbilt University. He won numerous
perfectionism in Psychology in the Schools. awards, including the American Psychological Association’s
In addition to his academic interests, Dr. Flett has been Early Career Award (1974), the Distinguished Scientist
involved actively in the school system. Dr. Flett served for many Award from the American Psychological Association’s
years as the chair of the school council at Middlebury Public Society for a Science of Clinical Psychology (1991), and the
School in Mississauga, Ontario, and he was the spokesperson Sustained Mentorship Award from the Society for Research
for the Parents of Peel, an advocacy group for parents inter- in Psychopathology (2011). Besides his numerous articles in
ested in improving and protecting public education. In 1999, professional journals, he published books on the eff ects of
his civic contributions were acknowledged when Dr. Flett was televised violence on children, research methodology, schizo-
awarded the City of Mississauga Certifi cate of Recognition for phrenia, case studies in abnormal psychology, and psycholog-
“Outstanding Commitment to the Community.” Dr. Flett was ical infl uences on health. Schizophrenia was a major focus of
honoured with the Community and Leadership Award from his research, and he also conducted research on the infl uence
Toastmasters International in May 2006. of stress on health. Dr. Neale passed away in 2011.
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BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: DEFINITIONAL AND HISTORICAL CONSIDERATIONS,
AND CANADA’S MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM 1
CHAPTER 2 CURRENT PARADIGMS AND INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES 33
CHAPTER 3 CLINICAL ASSESSMENT 75
CHAPTER 4 CLASSIFICATION AND DIAGNOSIS 108
CHAPTER 5 RESEARCH METHODS IN THE STUDY OF ABNORMAL BEHAVIOUR 132
CHAPTER 6 ANXIETY, OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE, AND POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDERS 153
CHAPTER 7 SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDERS AND DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS 193
CHAPTER 8 MOOD DISORDERS AND SUICIDE 220
CHAPTER 9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS AND HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY 264
CHAPTER 10 EATING DISORDERS 298
CHAPTER 11 SCHIZOPHRENIA 326
CHAPTER 12 SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS 369
CHAPTER 13 PERSONALITY DISORDERS 411
CHAPTER 14 SEXUAL DISORDERS AND GENDER DYSPHORIA 438
CHAPTER 15 DISORDERS OF CHILDHOOD 474
CHAPTER 16 AGING AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS 520
CHAPTER 17 OUTCOMES AND ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION 551
CHAPTER 18 LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES 585
GLOSSARY G1
REFERENCES R1
SUBJECT INDEX S1
NAME INDEX N1
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