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RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH IDIOMS MflMOMA PYCCKOrO M AHrnMMCKOrO 5I3bIKOB Agnes Arany-Makkai COMPLETELY BILINGUAL Commonly used Russian and English idioms illustrated with sample sentences CJIOBAPb COOTBETCTBMM Haw6ojiee pacnpocTpaHeHHbix MflMOMaTMMecKMX BbipaxeHMM pyccKoro m aHruMMCKoro H3biKOB c npwMepaMM m noacHeHMHMM A Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. O t U:i s» HU & u I yt2rj& RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH IDIOMS MJ1MOMA PYCCKOrO H AHniHMCKOrO H3bIKOB Agnes Arany-Makkai, M.A. Former Lecturer, Hong Kong Baptist University President, Association for Translation, Literature, and New Talent Instigation Studies—Atlantis-Centaur, Inc. ArHEC APAHb-MAKKAH ManicTp TyMaHHTapHbix HayK npe>KHMM TIpo())eccop ToHKOHrcKoro BanTHCTCKoro YHHBepcHTeTa TIpe3HAeHT HwTepaTypHO-nepeBOflHecKoro 06beAHHeHMH ATJiaHTHC-CeHTayp ALLSTON BRANCH LIBRARY BARRON’S AL 8R PG2460 A73 1997x © Copyright 1997 by Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the copyright owner. All inquiries should be addressed to: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. 250 Wireless Boulevard Hauppauge, New York 11788 International Standard Book Number 0-8120-9532-4 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 96-80252 Printed in the United States of America 9876543 COflEPKAHME HacTb I: PyccKo-AHrjiHMCKHe H^homm EjiaroflapHOCTb vii BBejjeHHe viii JleKCHKorpacJ^HMecKHe nocoOnn xi HflHOMbi pyccKoro H3biKa 1 YKa3aTejib h3hom pyccKoro H3biKa 301 HacTb II: AHrjio-PyccKHe Ejiaro3apHOCTb 353 BBejjeHHe 354 JIeKCHKorpa(J)HHecKHe nocoOHH 357 Mj^homm aHrjiHHCKoro H3biKa 359 YKasaTejib h3hom aHrjiHHCKoro H3biKa 653 HacTb III: IIpHjio>KeHHe YKa3axejib npoH3HomeHHH pyccKoro H3biKa 691 CoKpani,eHH5i, npHHHTbie b Pocchh 696 CoKpaiu,eHHH, npHHATbie b CIIIA 708 Beca h Mepbi, npHHHTbie b Pocchh 719 Beca h Mepbi, npHHHTbie b CIIIA 721 CONTENTS Part I: Russian-English Idioms vii Acknowledgments • • • Foreword Vlll References xi Russian Idioms 1 Index of Russian Idioms 301 Part II: English-Russian Idioms Acknowledgments 353 Foreword 354 References 357 English Idioms 359 Index of English Idioms 653 Part III: Appendixes Russian Pronunciation Guide 691 Abbreviations (Russian-English) 696 Abbreviations (English-Russian) 708 Russian Weights and Measures 719 English Weights and Measures 721 IV HACTb I: PyCCKO-AHrjIMMCKHE HflHOMbl PART I: RUSSIAN-ENGLISH IDIOMS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from Kahle/Austin Foundation https://archive.org/details/2001 russianengliOOaran EJIArOtfAPHOCTb HcKpeHHe Sjiarojjapio cbohx Apy3eft, caMOOTBep>KeHHbix noMom- hhkob, flOKTopa Pancy TepacHMOBHy rpHHKOT h Maxca MonceeBHHa Baiic6epra 3a hx 6ecijeHHbiH BKJiafl b co33aHHe cjioBapH. TaiGKe 6jiaroflapio Jlapncy AjieKcaHapoBHy ManiKOBy, jjoijeHTa Mockob- CKoro rocyAapCTBeHHoro yHHBepcHTeTa hmchh JIoMOHOCOBa, npurjiameHHoro npoc})eccopa YnBepcHTeTa niTaTa Hjijihhohc b ropoae HnKaro, h Bepy MHxaiuioBy JJparyHCKyio h Moero Mynta AaaMa Maicxan 3a hx nojie3Hbie 3aMenaHH5i h npefljioaceHHH. VII BBEJJEHHE OflHOH H3 CaMbIX nopa3HTeJIbHbIX 0C06eHH0CTeft H3bIXa HBJIHeTCH noMHMO «HopMajibHbix», «npoH3BOAHbix» KOHCTpyKii,HH h Bbipaace- the boy kissed the girl the boy didn’t kiss the girl hhh, TaKHX Kax hjih (MajibHHK nou,ejiOBaji aeBonxy hjih Majibnnx He noaejioBaji aeBonxy), the cowboy kicked the bucket the room HajiHHHe BbipaaceHHH THna hjih was at six and sevens. Ecjih, He 3Haa tohhoto 3HaHeHHH Taxnx hjihom, OTKpbiTb cjioBapb h nepeBoaHTb hx jjocjiobho, to b pe3yjibTaTe nojiyHHTCH 6eccMbicjmija: «Hora xob6oh npHinjia b noa conpHKOCHOBeHHe c BeapoM», «KOMHaTa HOMepoM rnecTb h ceMb B C (BepOHTHO, o6CTaBJieHa COOTBeTCTBHH 3THMH HOMepaMH)». Pa3yMeeTCH, npHBeaeHHbie Bbirne BbipaaceHHH hmciot apyrne 3HaneHHH. J^jih 6ojibuiHHCTBa aMepHxaHijeB hcho, hto nepBoe 03HanaeT «yMepeTb», a BTopoe «6ecnopaaox»; ajih HHocTpaHijeB ace 3to aajiexo He oneBHflHo. To ace caMoe MoacHo cxa3aTb h 06 HflHOMaTHnecKHx Bbipaace- hhhx pyccKoro »3biKa ajih aMepHKaHaeB h aHrjmnaH: b to BpeMH xax pyCCKHe BOCnpHHHMaiOT HAHOMbl pOaHOTO H3bIKa CTOJIb ace ecTecTBeHHo, xak aMepnxaHabi cboh HanoMbi, HHocTpaHeu,, nbiTaiomHHCH nepeBecTH hx 6e3 npeaBapHTeabHoro 03HaxoMjieHHH, CTajixHBaeTCH c HeoacnaaHHbiM o6pa30M h 3HaneHHeM ycTOHBHiHxca H3bIXOBbIX Cf)OpM. IlepBoe BbipaaceHHe 03HanaeT «xob6oh yMep», BTopoe: «b xom- HaTe 6biJi nojiHbm 6ecnopaaox». CjieaoBaTejibHO, HanoMbi — ceMaHTHHecxH aejibHbie o6pa30BaHHH, b xoTopbix 3HaneHHe cocTaBjiHioianx cjiob, xax npaBHJio, HHxax He coothochtch co 3HaneHHeM aejioro BbipaaceHHH, hjih coothochtch Jinuib nacTHHHO. Hto6w snaTb HHOCTpaHHbiii H3biK no-HacroameMy xopoiuo, KaK poaHOH, Heo6xOaHMO OBJiaaeTb HaHOMaMH a^HHOrO H3bIKa. He Bjiaaea HanoMaTHHecxon penbio, nejiOBex roBopHT Ha HHocTpaHHOM H3bixe CTOJib ace 6e3acH3HeHHO, xax yne6HHX no rpaMMaTHxe aJifl HanHHaiomHX. HeM ap^BHee asbix, TeM 6ojibme b HeM HaHOMaTHnecxHX BbipaaceHHH. PyccxHH h aHTJiHHCXHH H3biXH npHHaaJieacaT x rpynne apeBHHX HHaO-eBpOneHCXHX H3bIXOB: aHTJiHHCXHH X 3anaaHO- repMaHcxoft, pyccxHH x boctohhoh 6ajiTOCJiaBHHCxoH. B aaJiexoM npouiJiOM, naTb hjih rnecTb Tbican JieT Ha3aa, 06a «3bixa npoH3omjiH ot oaHoro xopHa, Tax Ha3biBaeMoro npoTO-HHaoeBponencxoro viii